North Africa

North Africa

1. Physical Features

   • North Africa
   • Region of North Africa
     • The region of North Africa include Morocco, Algebra, Tunisha, Libya, and Egypt.
   • The Nile River
     • 1. Is the world´s longest river. 2. It is formed by the union of two rivers: The Blue Nile and the White Nile 3. The Nile empties into the Meditarranean Sea. 4. Along the Northern Nile , silt is formed. Farmers use water from the Nile to irrigate their fields 5. The Nile River valley is a fertile area in the midst of the desert. 6.The Nile fans out near the Mediterranean Sea, forming a delta, The sediments formed makes the area extremely fertile. 7. The Aswan High Dam controls flooding along the Nile.
     • • North Africa
   • The Sinai and the Suez Canal
     • 1. East of the Nile is the triangular Sinai Peninsula. 2. Barren , rocky Mt. and desert cover Sinai. 3. The Suez Canal connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea. It was built by a French company in 1860´s to make trade and transportation easy.
   • The Sahara
     • 1. It is the largest desert in the world and it covers most of North Africa. 2. The name Sahara comes from the Arabic word" desert". 3. People live there and small settlements are located near oasis( wet fertile area where natural spring or well provides water). 4. To travel through the desert people usually use camels ( animals well adapted to dry , sandy conditions) . Nowdays , rugged four wheel-drive vehicles are used. 5. The area is covered by dunes as well as streambeds. 6. Some sand dunes and ridges rise as high as 1,000 feet. It also has spectacular mountain ranges. For example in the northern Algeria a mountain range rises up to 3,000 feet another range such as Atlas Mountains on the northwestern side of the Sahara near the Mediterranean coast rises up to 13, 600 feet.

2. Climate

   • 1. Very dry 2. Rare storms can cause flooding. 3. There are different climates: 3.1 desert climate covers most of  the area  3.2 Temperatures range from  mild to very hot ( 136° F)   recorded in Libya. 3.3 Whenever humidity is very low , temperatures can drop quicky, In winter , temperatures can fall below freezing at nights. 4. Mediterranean climate. 4.1 Winters are mild and moist 4.2 Summers are hot and dry. 4.3 The areas between the coast and the Sahara have steppe climate.
   • Resources
     • 1. Oil and gas are important resources in for Libya, Algeria, and Egypt. 2. Morocco has mines of iron oreand minerals used for fertilizers. 3. The Sahara has natural resources such as oil, natural gas , and coal.

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