INTERFACES

INTERFACES

1. Types

   • Command-Based
     • The user types in commands (mainly in abbreviations) and the computer answers to this directions
   • WIMP and GUI
     • WIMP: windows, icons, menus, pointer. This systems use graphics as the key element instead of text based user interfaces
   • Multimedia
     • Created by Audi. A single integrated interface, which controls a variety of devices and functions of the car.
   • Virtual Reality
     • A computer-generated scenario that simulates a realistic experience
   • Information Visualization and Dashboards
     • A computer-generated graphics of complex data that are typically interactive and dynamic; it's intened to amplify human cognition
   • Web
     • Websites that look and behave more like multimedia environments.
   • Consumer Electronics and Appliances
     • Transient interfaces where the interaction is short; they include machines for everyday use in the home, public place, or car
   • Mobile
     • A computing device small enough to hold and operate in the hand.
   • Speech
     • A voice user interface is where a person talks with a system that has a spoken language application,
   • Pen
     • Pen-based devices enable people to write, draw, select, and move objects at an interface using lightpens or styluses.
   • Touch
     • A computer-pointing technology based upon the sense of touch; multitouch surfaces have been developed as the interface for tabletops and smartphones.
   • Air-Based Gestures
     • This interface is where computers or machine can interpret human gestures via mathematical system.
   • Haptic
     • Tactile feedback, by applying vibration and forces to the person, using actuators that are embedded in their clothing or a device they are carrying, such as a smartphone or smartwatch.
   • Multimodal
     • Multimodal interfaces are intended to provide enriched and complex user experiences by multiplying the way information is experienced and controlled at the interface through different actions
   • Shareable
     • They typically provide multiple inputs and sometimes allow simultaneous input by collocated groups
   • Tangible
     • Tangible interfaces use sensor-based interaction, where physical objects are coupled with digital representations.
   • Augmented and Mixed Reality
     • Virtual representations are superimposed on physical devices and objects, and mixed reality, where views of the real world are combined with views of a virtual environment
   • Wearables
     • Miniature electronic devices that are worn under, with, or on top of clothing.
   • Robots and Drones
     • interfaces that enable users to effectively steer and move a remote robot with the aid of live video and dynamic maps.
   • Brain–Computer Interfaces
     • BCI provide a communication pathway between a person's brain waves and an external device.

2. Natural User Interfaces and Beyond

   • ANUI is one that enables people to interact with a computer in the same ways they interact with the physical world, through using their voice, hands, and bodies
   • The naturalness refers to the way they exploit the everyday skills we have learned, such as talking, writing, gesturing, walking, and picking up objects
   • new kinds of gesture, speech, and touch interfaces have proven to be very empowering for people who are visually impaired and who have previously had to use specialized tools to interface with GUIs.
   • An emerging class of human–computer interfaces are those that rely largely on subtle, gradual, continuous changes triggered by information obtained implicitly from the user

3. Which Inteface?

   • The requirements for the user experience that have been identified during the design process will determine what kind of interface might be appropriate and what features to include
   • The best interface tu use will depend on the interplay of a number of factors, including reliability, social acceptability, privacy, ethical, and location concerns.