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The New immigrants
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The New immigrants
Ellis Island- New York Harbor for entrance into the US. Mostly European immigrants entered though here.
Angel Island- San Fransisco Bay- Admission into US. Mostly Asians and Eastern Asians entered through her
melting pot- mixture of people of different cultures and races which blended together in US.
- As immigration increased, strong anti-immigrant feelings emerged.
- nativism- favoritism towards native-born Americans.
- Gave rise to many anti-immigrant groups and led to a demand for immigrant restrictions
- One of these restrictions= Chinese exclusion Act- banned entry of all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and gov. officials
- People got mad and protested on this Act- Theodore Roosevelt decided to do something about it.
- Under Gentleman's Agreement- Japan's Gov. agreed to limit emigration of unskilled workers to US in exchange for repeal of San Fransisco segregation order
- Because of so many immigrants coming from China- Chinese exclusion act was put- then Gentlemen's agreement was put which made immigrants double. All this means that cities need to grow to be able to hold all these people, so-
- This led to Urbanization- or growth of cities
- Since so many people were coming from different countries and don't know a word in english- they needed jobs so in order to work and be helpful to the society-
- The Americanization movement was designed- assimilated people to dominant culture. Schools and programs were designed.
- With Rapid Urbanization came problems, immigrants who were assimilated into the dominant cultures wanted to live near work so they lived in-
- Tenements- overcrowded and unsanitary multifamily urban dwellings
- Jacob Riis
- People needed to be at work on time. With all this growth in population and in city, people needed to get to where they needed to be. A system called-
- mass transit was developed- transportation designed to move large numbers of people, which enabled people to get to work easily.
- Mass Transit was the solution to one of the problems of urbanization- but, there were many. Like, crime, fire,sanitation, housing, and water. One movement was designed to help all of these causes
- The social Gospel Movement- preached salvation through service to the poor. Many people were inspired to help the poor.
- One person that was inspired by the Social Gospel movement was-
- Jane Adams- founded Hull House in 1889 + settlement houses.
- While Jane Adams helped immigrants and poor/ pol.machines hurt the immigrants
- Although political machines earned them a job and a living, this was all for exchange for their choice of president.
- took control of cities for some time.
- Once a political machine got it's candidates into offices, it could take advantage of numerous opportunities for graft.
- graft- the illegal use of political influence for personal gain..
- ex: in helping a person find work on project for city, pol. machine could ask worker to bill city for more than cost of materials. Worker then" kicked backed" portion of earnings to machine.
- Many Bosses were political machines- they used graft in their workers. A specific "Boss" comes to mind when hearing the word graft.
- Boss Tweed- William M. Tweed- head of Tammany Hall, in 1869. He led Tweed Ring, a corrupt group of politicians, in defrauding the city.
- Boss Tweed also used patronage in leading his corrupt group of politicians.
- patronage- giving of government jobs to people who helped a candidate get elected.
- The civil service job Boss Tweed held used patronage.
- civil service- government administration jobs
- Civil service reform made gradual progress under Presidents Hayes, Garfield and Arthur
- R. Hayes-reformer. Spied on customhouses (patronage) he fired 2 big bosses. This enraged Roscoe Conkling and Stalwarts.
- J. Garfield- reformer- shot. Angered Stalwarts by giving reformers most of his patronage jobs once elected.
- To balance out reformer- vice pres Chester a. Arthur was elected
- Chester Arthur- turned into reformer after Garfield died. One of Conkling's associates.
- urged legislators to pass civil service act
- Penleton civil Service Act- authorized bipartisan cs commission to make appointments to fed. jobs. through merit system based on candidates performance on examination.
- With PCSA- jobs became through perfomace rather than campaign contributions- so politicians turned to wealthy buisiness owners. Bond with gov= strong. Wanted higher tarrifs to gain popularity. But Cleveland wanted something else.
- Grover Cleveland- First Democrat in 28 yrs. Tried to lower tariffs but congress wouldn't support him.
- Grover wanted to run for reelection but lost because of electoral college votes.
- Benjamin Harrison- grandson of William Henry Harrison. Signed McKinley Tariff Act which raised tariffs
- Grover wanted to run for reelection but lost because of electoral college votes.
- Grover Cleveland- First Democrat in 28 yrs. Tried to lower tariffs but congress wouldn't support him.
- With PCSA- jobs became through perfomace rather than campaign contributions- so politicians turned to wealthy buisiness owners. Bond with gov= strong. Wanted higher tarrifs to gain popularity. But Cleveland wanted something else.
- Penleton civil Service Act- authorized bipartisan cs commission to make appointments to fed. jobs. through merit system based on candidates performance on examination.
- urged legislators to pass civil service act
- Chester Arthur- turned into reformer after Garfield died. One of Conkling's associates.
- To balance out reformer- vice pres Chester a. Arthur was elected
- Civil service reform made gradual progress under Presidents Hayes, Garfield and Arthur
- Jobs in civil service should go to skilled workers. It shouldn't matter what political views people had.
- civil service- government administration jobs
- The civil service job Boss Tweed held used patronage.
- patronage- giving of government jobs to people who helped a candidate get elected.
- Boss Tweed also used patronage in leading his corrupt group of politicians.
- Boss Tweed- William M. Tweed- head of Tammany Hall, in 1869. He led Tweed Ring, a corrupt group of politicians, in defrauding the city.
- graft- the illegal use of political influence for personal gain..
- Although political machines earned them a job and a living, this was all for exchange for their choice of president.
- While Jane Adams helped immigrants and poor/ pol.machines hurt the immigrants
- Jane Adams- founded Hull House in 1889 + settlement houses.
- One person that was inspired by the Social Gospel movement was-
- The social Gospel Movement- preached salvation through service to the poor. Many people were inspired to help the poor.
- Mass Transit was the solution to one of the problems of urbanization- but, there were many. Like, crime, fire,sanitation, housing, and water. One movement was designed to help all of these causes
- mass transit was developed- transportation designed to move large numbers of people, which enabled people to get to work easily.
- Tenements- overcrowded and unsanitary multifamily urban dwellings
- With Rapid Urbanization came problems, immigrants who were assimilated into the dominant cultures wanted to live near work so they lived in-
- The Americanization movement was designed- assimilated people to dominant culture. Schools and programs were designed.
- Since so many people were coming from different countries and don't know a word in english- they needed jobs so in order to work and be helpful to the society-
- This led to Urbanization- or growth of cities
- Because of so many immigrants coming from China- Chinese exclusion act was put- then Gentlemen's agreement was put which made immigrants double. All this means that cities need to grow to be able to hold all these people, so-
- Under Gentleman's Agreement- Japan's Gov. agreed to limit emigration of unskilled workers to US in exchange for repeal of San Fransisco segregation order
- People got mad and protested on this Act- Theodore Roosevelt decided to do something about it.
- One of these restrictions= Chinese exclusion Act- banned entry of all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and gov. officials
- Gave rise to many anti-immigrant groups and led to a demand for immigrant restrictions
- nativism- favoritism towards native-born Americans.
- As immigration increased, strong anti-immigrant feelings emerged.
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- Mind Map on The New immigrants, created by HMN on 28/10/2014.
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- HMN
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