Strategies

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Discuss the suggestion that there has been a decline in sportsmanship since the late 19th century & outline strategies that the sporting authorities have used in an attempt to maintain high standards of behaviour.
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Strategies
  1. Discuss the suggestion that there has been a decline in sportsmanship since the late 19th century & outline strategies that the sporting authorities have used in an attempt to maintain high standards of behaviour.
    1. Agree
      1. Explanation of sportsmanship
        1. Unwritten rules of sport
          1. etiquette
            1. fairplay
              1. spirit of the game
              2. 19th century sport was run by the middle/ upper class
                1. elite performers were amateur
                  1. amateur sport was dominant
                  2. Based on the concept of athleticism
                    1. playing for the love of sport
                      1. not paid
                      2. During the 20th century professionalism is increased
                        1. greater extrinsic rewards
                          1. more money involved
                            1. greater commercialisation
                            2. Greater pressure from the media
                              1. national expectation
                                1. media encourages copying of poor role models
                                  1. largely televised
                                  2. increase in win at all cost attitude
                                    1. Lombardian ethic
                                      1. E.g. performance enhancing drugs
                                      2. Caused an increase in gamesmanship
                                        1. bending the rules
                                        2. Increase in deviancy
                                          1. doping
                                            1. violent play
                                              1. cheating
                                                1. abusive language
                                                  1. match fixing
                                                    1. prosecutions
                                                  2. Disagree
                                                    1. Sportsmanship is promoted at events
                                                      1. e.g. Olympics
                                                        1. Olympism
                                                          1. Olympic ideals
                                                            1. Lombardian ethic
                                                            2. Performers are role models and understand their responsibility
                                                              1. Greater need to maintain image
                                                                1. to retain sponsors
                                                                  1. to retain comercial deals
                                                                    1. to retain the image of the sport
                                                                    2. During the 19th century corruption was part of the sport
                                                                      1. may not have declined just now more widely reported in the media
                                                                  2. campaigns to promote sportsmanship
                                                                    1. Respect
                                                                      1. Fairplay awards
                                                                        1. sporting ethics promoted within
                                                                          1. schools
                                                                            1. clubs
                                                                              1. education
                                                                            2. Better officials
                                                                              1. citing after game
                                                                                1. better technology to help officials
                                                                                  1. fourth official
                                                                                  2. Rules changed to promote FairPlay
                                                                                    1. On the field
                                                                                      1. penalties
                                                                                        1. sin bins
                                                                                          1. bookings
                                                                                          2. Off the field
                                                                                            1. fines
                                                                                              1. bans
                                                                                              2. Punish the club
                                                                                                1. deduct points
                                                                                                  1. matches behind closed doors
                                                                                                  2. Positive role models
                                                                                                    1. name and shame bad role models
                                                                                                      1. media
                                                                                                      2. Code of conduct
                                                                                                        1. players
                                                                                                          1. spectators
                                                                                                          2. Drug testing
                                                                                                            1. Prosecute violent play
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