4478771
Description
Mind Map by Jennifer Goeckne, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jennifer Goeckne
about 8 years ago
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AP Psychology: History and Approaches
- Wave 1: Introspection
- Wilhelm Wundt
- set up 1st psychological lab
- trained subjects in introspection-asked them to record accurately
their cognitive reactions to simple stimuli
- structuralism-mind operates by combining subjective
emotions & objective sensations
- set up 1st psychological lab
- William James
- published psychology's
1st textbook
- functionalism
- published psychology's
1st textbook
- Mary Whiton Calkins
- became president of the APA
- studied under James
- became president of the APA
- Margaret Floy Washburn
- 1st woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology
- 1st woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology
- G. Stanley Hall
- studied child development
- 1st president of the APA
- studied child development
- Wilhelm Wundt
- Wave 2: Gestalt Psychology
- Max Wertheimer
- examined a person's total experience
- Max Wertheimer
- Wave 3: Psychoanalysis
- Sigmund Freud
- unconscious mind & repression
- dream analysis, word association, etc.
- criticized for being unscientific & creating
unverifiable theories
- unconscious mind & repression
- Sigmund Freud
- Wave 4:
Behaviorism
- John Watson
- psychology should be limited to observable phenomena
- psychology should be limited to observable phenomena
- look solely at behavior and its causes
- B.F. Skinner
- reinforcement-stimuli that can
encourage/discourage certain responses
- reinforcement-stimuli that can
encourage/discourage certain responses
- John Watson
- Wave 5: Multiple Perspectives
- most psychologists fall in
this category
- eclectic-drawing from multiple perspectives
- most psychologists fall in
this category
- Additional Psychological Perspectives
- Humanist
- Abraham Maslow & Carl Rogers
- individual choice & free will
- Abraham Maslow & Carl Rogers
- Biopsychology (Neuroscience)
- explain human thought & behavior in
terms of biological processes
- explain human thought & behavior in
terms of biological processes
- Evolutionary
- Charles Darwin & natural selection
- Charles Darwin & natural selection
- Cognitive
- study how we interpret,
process, & remember events
- Jean Piaget
- study how we interpret,
process, & remember events
- Social-Cultural
- study the influence of culture
on how we think & act
- study the influence of culture
on how we think & act
- Biopsychosocial
- combo of biological, psychological,
& social factors
- combo of biological, psychological,
& social factors
- Humanist
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