First War of Independance

First War of Independance

1. Causes

   • political
     • doctrine of lapse
     • discourtesy to bahadur shah
     • annexation of awadh
     • unpopular administration
     • vague rumours
   • social & religious
     • mass conversion
     • laws interfering ppl custom
     • railways telegraphs
     • indignities hurled @ indians
     • fears regarding English edu
   • economic
     • ruin of trade n handicrafts
     • impoverishment of cultivators
     • big famines
     • inhuman treatment of indigo cultivators
     • india an agriculture colony of british
     • loss of livelihood
     • annexation of rent free lands
   • military
     • low salary n promotion
     • faulty distribution of troops
     • large no. of unemployed soldiers
     • disproportion in the army
     • discontent in the Bengal army
     • loss of prestige in afghan war
     • General Service Enlistment Act
     • intro. Enfield rifle

2. Consequences

   • end of company rule
   • policy towards Indian princes n chiefs
   • reorganization of the army
   • solemn promises made to ppl
   • policy of divide n rule
   • economic exploitation of india
   • rise of nationalism in india