Modernisation Theory

Modernisation Theory

1. Overview of the theory

   • Lack of development due to internal factors
   • Developing societies subscribe to value systems and have institutions that hold back development
   • Likes Aid

2. Rostow's Evolutionary Ladder

   • 1. Traditional Society- poverty, primary production and traditional values
   • 2. Preconditions for take-off - The West assists developing countries through Aid
   • 3. Take-off - High economic growth and investment
   • 4. Drive to Maturity - Increasing prosperity
   • 5. Age of High Mass Consumption

3. Talcott Parsons: Values

   • Pattern A Variables:
     • Affectivity
     • Particularism
     • Ascription
     • Diffuse Roles
     • Collectivism
   • Pattern B Variables
     • Affective neutrality
     • Universalism
     • Achievement
     • Specific Roles
     • Individualism

4. Four Motors of Development

   • 1. Western Investment (Aid) Hoselitz
   • 2. Meritocratic Education System Hoselitz
   • 3. Mass Media Inkeles
   • 4. Urbanisation Hoselitz

5. AO2

   • Rostov considers the role of aid- can use money to invest and develop
   • Considers how cultural values will disadvantage the individual and the country as a whole
   • If you educate a woman, you educate a whole generation
   • Considers the Role the media plays in bringing about social change and how money is needed to create a meritocratic education system
   • AO2
     • Mass consumption is not sustainable for every country
     • Does consider the problem with false needs stemming from capitalism which is damaging to individuals
     • Parsons is ignorant to culture and he favours his own Western Culture
     • Kleptocracy - the wealth from aid does not trickle down to the people who need it