History

History

1914>outbreak of WW1 1918> End of WW1 1919> Treaty of Versailes 1929> The great depression 1932> Hitler and the Nazi's voted into power 1933> Germany became a dictatorship 1939>Out break of WW2 1945> End of WW2
END OF WW1 ●Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany was overthrown ●Germany became a republic ●New democratic government was formed in Weimar(German city) ●The Weimar republic government signed an armistice with the allies & agreed to stop fighting.
1 Treaty of Versailles ▪Signed in 1919 ▪After the armstice was signed a meeting between the leaders of the victorius countries of WW1 discussed and wrote down a peace treaty ▪Countries that won wanted revenge on Germany for the damages of WW1
1. Effects of the treaty on German •Germany had no say how they were to be punished •They had to sign a guilt clause •They had to pay for the damages, had to pay millions for reparations •Weren't allowed to build a defence force •Weren't allowed to unite with Austria •Germany lost land
Hitler and the Nazi's in 1920 °Hitler joined Nazi's at the end of WW1 °Hitler became leader of the Nazi party in 1921 °Storm troopers (sturmabteilung) was a group of Nazi supporters that had a uniform of brown shirts °Strom Troopers organised marching parade, dressed in uniform and carried flags with the Swastika on them. °Nazi motto was "ALL opposes must be stomped to the ground The Storm troopers had no rules against violence and they often beat people °1923 Hitler and the Nazi's tried to overthrow the Weimar republic in a military putsch/coup but they FAILED Hitler was sent to jail for 9months where he wrote a book (Mein kampf) The judge didn't agree with the new democratic government.
The Great Depression •1920's USA was the leading economy in the world •They lent money to the Weimar republic to recover Germany from the WW1 •In 1929 an economic disaster began in USA •The stock market (wall street NYC) collapsed. This was known as the wall street crash. •Stocks that people had bought on the stock market had no value. •Thousands of people lost the money they invested. •The American economy collapsed •The cost price of goods became high, no one could afford them=THE GREAT DEPRESSION.
1. Effects on Germany ▪Banks closed down ▪Factories closed ▪Workers lost their jobs ▪ Inflation rose America wanted their money back but Germany couldn't pay back, so German's businesses collapsed and more people became unemployed.
Failure of the Weimar Republic After WW1 Germany was defeated and a new democracy came into being: Elections were held in which all Germans above 20 yrs could vote for *PARLIAMENT *PRESIDENT *HEAD OF STATE *CHANCELLOR
1. REASONS WHY THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC FAILED •Germany had no history of demorcracy •The system of democracy was not supported by many judges, powerful military and big businesses. •There were many political parties, the Weimar republic wasn't strong enough to deal with Germany's problems {1919~1932 Germany had 15 chancellor's.} •German couldn't deal with the economic crisis after the Great depression struck. (ordinary men and women weren't happy about this and blamed it the Weimar republic for the poor economy so they supported Hitler. • 1933 WEIMAR REPUBLIC CAME TO AN END AND HITLER TOOK OVER.
1932 and 1933 Elections REASONS people supported the Nazi •Nazi promised law and order • Germans wanted to return to an importan power •Nazi and Hitler received financial support from military powers and wealthy business men. • 1932 Nazi was well organised and used skillfull propaganda to gain supporters (people believed that the Nazi could save them from their troubles) •Hitler was a brilliant public speaker 1933 elections HITLER won and became Cahncellor.
Enabling act 1933 and dictatorship -signed by HidenBurg into law in 1933, then he died in 1934 -Enabling act gave complete power over Germany to the Nazi's and Hitler ( Nazi became the only political party allowed in exist) - 1934 Hitler combined the title of chancellor and president - Hitler became a dictar known as Der Führer of the Reich. Hitler shut down the Reich and ruled without the rules in the German constitution • The Nazi dictatorship was cruel and violent.
The first concentration camps (DACHAU 1933) -1933 Mass arrests of political opponents...there for first concerntation camps were made as German prison were overcrowded. -Concentration camps held anyone who disagreed with the Nazi. -camps were large barbed wire enclosures. -prisoners had to do hard labour and military drills and often got beatings.
Nuremberg laws and loss of basic rights of Jews 1935 Hitler was obssesed with racial purity= his version of pure German (Aryan)
1. Aryan -superior than everyone else -Jews were inferior and undesirable -Anti-semitism hatred of Jews - Jews were blamed for no reason - Propaganda was used to increase Anti-Semitism and support holocaust (mass killing of jews)
2. Persecution of political opponents -Jehovah's witness -Jewish people -Political opponents -Homosexual Males -Roma, blacks and Slavs -physically and mentally disabled people -people who thought they were racially inferior. -criminals
3. The Nuremberg laws on jews -dismissed Jews from civil service -dismissed Jews from jobs like professors, doctors, lawyers, dentists, teachers, lecturers, -expelled Jews from schools and universities -prohibited from marrying non Jews -forced to sit on separate park benches -not permitted to use public facilities, travel on trams or attend theatres or cinema
Nazi Germany an example of a fascist state Nazi controlled every aspect of Germany (women, men, books, music, universities...) -Nazi used fear and terror and propaganda to rule over Germany. The lies of the propaganda and exaggeration used by the Nazi allowed them to control people's minds, thoughts and actions.
1. Features of fascism -strong sense of pride in ones country -rascism and persecution -hatred of demorcracy -big emphasis on the military -use of propaganda to unite people - trade unions are banned -Secret police force which spies on people -use of cruelty to control people -belief in great leader who holds power -no opposition is allowed
Hitlers plan for Germany -Wanted to expand Germany's frontiers through conquest (had to build up a strong defence force) -used propaganda and photos to seem like the hero to Germans. -created the SS (SCHUTZSTAFAFFEL)for the people who did support the Nazi -SS= Wore sleek black uniform showing threatening symbols. Secret police (Gestapo or GE

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	Created by Bathobele Mpumlw about 10 years ago