Behaviour

Behaviour

1. Anything a person says or does

   • Overt behaviours are visible
   • Covert behaviours are private and internal

2. Dimensions

   • Duration
   • Frequency
   • Intensity or force

3. Describing behaviour

   • Behavioural deficits
   • Behavioural excesses

4. Behaviour modification

   • Applied behaviour analysis
   • Behaviour therapy
   • Cognitive behaviour therapy

5. Conditioning

   • Operant Conditioning is behaviours that are modified by its consequences of voluntary behaviours
     • Reinforcers
       • Positive reinforcement
         • How to increase effectiveness?
           • Deprivation
           • Satiation is when an individual has had enough of reinforcement= no effectiveness
           • Size, identify behaviour, instructions, immediacy
         • General types: consumable, activity, manipulative, possessional, and social
       • Contingent reinforcement occurs when the reinforcer is only presented after the desired behaviour
       • Non-contingent reinforcement is when the reinforcer is presented at a particular time, regardless of whether the behaviour has occurred
       • Natural reinforcers
       • Conditioned reinforcers (simple or generalized)
         • Backup reinforcers is a stimulus that is deliberately associated with other stimuli in order to cause them to become conditioned reinforcers
         • Tokens are conditioned reinforcers that can be accumulated and exchanged for backup reinforcers
     • Punishers
   • Respondent conditioning aka Classical conditioning or Pavlovian involves unconditioned reflexes or involuntary behaviour that is paired with certain stimuli