Memory Map

Memory Map

1. Encoding: Process by which information gets into storage

   • Somantic: Use of sensory input that has a specific meaning. Example: You remember what a banana is because of its color
   • Visual: Images
   • Acoustic: Sound
   • Elaborative: How already known information relates to new infotmation

2. Storage

   • Long term memory: Permanent storage
     • Declaritive memory: Factual information. Example: WW1 started in 1914
       • Semantic memory: General memory. Example: math facts
       • Episodic memory: Personal knowledge. Exapmle: your birthday
         • Autobiographical memory: A persons recollection of his or her life experiences
       • Information travels to the Hippocampus before the memory is consolidated (perminantly stored)
     • Procedural memory: Skills and habits. Example: riding a bike
       • Rely on Cerebellum and Basil ganglia
   • Short term memory: Holding place of memories for up to 20 seconds
     • Rehearsal: The repitition of information that has entered short-term memory
     • Mnemonics: Formal techniques for organizing information in a way that makes it more likely to be remembered.
     • Elaborative: Occurs when information is organized so that it is more likely to enter long term memory
     • Memory distortions: Memory reports that are different from what actually happened
     • Eyewitness testimony: May contain false information due to loss of memory
     • Repressed memory: Defence mechanism where a person is tramatized to a point where he/she forgets the memory all together
     • Working memory: A combination of components including short term memory and attention, that allow the person to hold information temporarily as they perform a cognitive task
   • Sensory memory: The retention of memory
     • Haptic memory: Tactical memory store
     • Echoic memory: Auditory memory store
     • Iconic memory: Visual memory store

3. Theroies of memory

   • Decay Theory: Over time we can't retrieve memories because the traces of them fade away and disapear
   • Interference Theory: When we form a new memory that is similar to one that already exists, interfearance with our ability to recall
   • Atkinson-Shiffrin Theory (photo attached)
     • https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/262/flashcards/713262/png/picture11318455826041.png

4. Retrieval: The process of remembering information stored in long term memory