Hitlers Foreign Policy - 1933-1939

Hitlers Foreign Policy - 1933-1939

1. To make Germany Great

   • 1933 - Hitler become to power
     • Rebuilt army, Destory TOV, Left LON (1933), Joined (1926),
       • Left LON because disarmament conference (1932)
         • France refused to disarm. G leaves and rearms.
           • 1935 - conscription
             • Forced to gain G army, Stresa Front - Italy, Britain and France. To stop G from rearming.

2. Unite all G speaking people

   • 6-7 million people
     • Anschluss
       • Union denied by TOV

3. Living space

   • Lenbensraum Sudentenland (3 million)
     • Saar - LON - 15 years given a vote
       • Poland (Polish Corridor)
         • Czech (Greed) 13% (17,500km) Plebiscite
           • Hitler wants to expand east

4. Rhineland - 17th March 1936

   • Background: Rhineland is Germanys. Rhineland is G back garden. It was demilitarised by TOV. G singed a 25 year Non-Agression pact and Locarno Pact to prevent war.
     • Hitler invaded the Rhineland
     • Reaction: LON condemned G. Only Russia wanted to enforce sanction (didnt happen).
       • Why: B+F distracted by Abysinnia Crisis (1935) with Italy. G owned Rhineland.
         • Aftermaths: Hitler has a vote, 99% agree with Hitler's action.

5. 1934 - 10 Year Non-agression pact with Poland

   • Aim- guarette the border with Poland (Polish Corridor after TOV)
     • Why? Give Poland false sense of sense of security
       • Who did it? B + P

6. 1934 - Failed Anschluss

   • Hitler encouraged Nazi Party in Austria to rebel. Death of Chancellor Dollfuss but Mussolini placed his forces on Austrian border to stop G.
     • Conseqences - Hitler backed down

7. 1935 - Anglo-G Naval agreement

   • Germany, Britain and France
     • G can have 35% of the size of B fleet (No subs included)
       • Direct violation of Stressa front and TOV
         • By 1938 G had 2,000 aircraft 800,000 soldiers, 47 U-Boats

8. 1935 - Return of the Saar

   • Saar belonged to LON for 15years
     • People given a vote after 15 Years
       • 8% - LON 2% - F 90% - G
         • Consequences - Saar returned to G

9. Results of Remiltarisation

   • Hitler destroyed TOV
     • Hitler was strengthend
       • Signed Rome - Berlin axis with Mussolini
   • Could we have stopped Hitler?
     • French Army stronger
       • Sanctions would cripple G

10. 1935 - Sudetenland

    • Nazi rebellion is Sudetenland - Henlein
      • Why - 3 million G in Sud. Raw materials and well furtified. Henelien is supported by Hitler
        • 15th Sept 1938 Chamberlain flew in G. Hitler tells chamberlain he wants Sud after a Vote
          • Chamberlain convinces B+F+Czech. Czech flew back to G. Mussolini surprised and asks for all of Sud without vote. C flew back to B and rearms. C receives role from Hitler inviting him to Munich Conference

11. 1938 - Anschluss

    • Events - Nazi rebellion in Austria
      • Chancellor: Schushnigg
      • Nazi Leader: Seyss - Inquart
    • Hitler refused to help the chancellor when he asked for help to put down/stop rebellion
      • Hitler asked Chancellor to make Seyss-Inquart Minister of the Interior Police
        • Chancellor say he will hold a vote in Austria to ask the people if they wont be Austria or G
          • Hitler moves his troops to A border
            • Chancellor - resigns
              • Seystrquart - New Czech, invites Hitler Germany in to Austria
                • 80,000 - in concentration camps
                  • B + F protest but do nothing

12. The effects of Hitlers takeover of Czech

    • No G speaking people in Czech
    • Marked end of Appeasement
    • H proved Chamberlian could not be trusted
    • Lithuania was forced t surrender the province of Memel
    • B didnt' help Czech
    • Mussolini is Hitlers Allie
    • B guaranteed the independence of Romania and Greece
    • Conscription was introduced into Britain during peace time
    • Hitlers strengthened his relationship with Mussolini by signing the Pact of Steel
      • Pact of Steel, May 1939
        • Hitler and Mussolini signed a Pact of Steel in which they promised to act side by side in future events.
    • Hitler withdrew G's Non-Agression Pact of 1934 with Poland and The Anglo - G Naval AgreemeNt of 1935

13. Role of USSR

    • April 1939 - B + F. Signed pact with Poland to guarantee border from G
    • B + F asked R for help
    • P is afraid of G + R
    • R signed Nazi Soviet Pact with G
      • 1939 - Nazi Soviet Pact
        • 23rd August 1939
        • 1937 - G, I and Japan
        • Against Communism (Pact)
        • Divided Poland in to 2
        • Avoid a war on 2 fronts
        • G had asked P for DanZig back (LON)
        • 1st Sept - G Invaded P
        • 3rd Sept - B declares war

14. Appeasement - giving Hitler what he wants within reason 1919-1939

    • For
      • Feeling that G has genuine grievances that could be solved
      • Britain want to avoid another war
      • Britain couldn't afford rearmament
      • Collapse of LON - Someone had to keep peace
      • British feared comminists
    • Against
      • Hitler couldn't be trusted
      • Made Britain look weak - gave Hitler confidence
      • Betraying lands that were protected by TOV
      • Hitler - increase and strengthen power