779696
Causes Of Liberal Welfare Reforms
- Social Investigations
- Booth
- East London
- 30% Lived below the poverty line
- 30% Lived below the poverty line
- The Life & Labour Of The People Of London
- Poverty Line- Family income
could not meet basic needs E.g.
Food/rent/clothes
- East London
- Rowntree
- York
- 28% were living in some degree of poverty
- 28% were living in some degree of poverty
- Primary Poverty
- Family income fell below the 21s required to maintain physical efficiency
- Family income fell below the 21s required to maintain physical efficiency
- Secondary Poverty
- Spending took the residual income below the poverty line
- Spending took the residual income below the poverty line
- York
- Highlighted that poverty was not
caused by personal inadequacies
but to: low wages, unemployment,
sickness & old age
- National Problem
- Booth
- Boer War
- Showed the inadequacies of a non-interventionist state
- Poor physical condition of recruits
- Brought the scale of poverty to the surface
- Manchester- 8000 of 11,000 volunteers were unfit for service
- 25% of volunteers rejected
- Brought the scale of poverty to the surface
- Britain's imperial supremacy could be in danger
- Lack of military efficiency
- Concerns for the security of Britain
- Lack of military efficiency
- Showed the inadequacies of a non-interventionist state
- New Liberalism
- Responsibility to help the poor (Philanthropy)
- Interventionist ideas
- Interventionist ideas
- Broke away from Gladstonian Liberals
- New generation of politicians
- DLG
- Asquith
- In Government positions to implement ideas
- Churchill
- Aware of social problems,
failures of the Poor Law
- Used positions & personal
motives to change direction
of Govt. Social Policy
- Personal ambition?
- Personal ambition?
- DLG
- Responsibility to help the poor (Philanthropy)
- Threat Of Labour
- Chance for
Liberals to prove
they can do what
Labour offers
- Competing for same votes
- 'Out- trumped' Labour
- Old age pensions
- Old age pensions
- 'Out- trumped' Labour
- Competing for same votes
- 1909 onwards
- Recession
- Unemployment
- Unemployment
- Timed with workers reforms
- Occurred just before & after
1910 election following bad run of
by-elections in 1907 & 1908
- Personal ambition of DLG & Churchill
- Personal ambition of DLG & Churchill
- Occurred just before & after
1910 election following bad run of
by-elections in 1907 & 1908
- Recession
- Compromise- reduced
chance of a more radical
form of socialism
- Chance for
Liberals to prove
they can do what
Labour offers
- Threat Of Germany
- Decline in British economy & industry
- Britain was weak in comparison to Germany
- Britain was weak in comparison to Germany
- Germany's strength
- Model Army
- Bismarkian network
of social insurance
- Compulsory sickness & accident insurance
- Old age pensions
- Copied by DLG
- Compulsory sickness & accident insurance
- Highly organised educational system
- Proved state intervention worked
- If Germany could afford to
do it so could Britain
- Was needed to
secure Britain's
imperial position
- If Germany could afford to
do it so could Britain
- Model Army
- Reforms wouldn't have
been so rapid
- Decline in British economy & industry
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