Medicine Through Time: Ancient Ideas - created from Mind Map

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<ul><li>I am trying to make this mind map as accurate as possible, although there are many interpretations of this history as it was so long ago! If you can prove that anything is incorrect please let me know so I can update it! Thanks!</li></ul>

Pre History

Ancient Greece

Ancient Egyptians

Hippocrates & Galen

Rome

Trepanning

Herbal Remidies

Fixing Broken Limbs

A method that involved drilling into the skull to release evil spirits that caused headaches.

A treatment for stomach pains, which were most likely caused by gone-off food. Not that they understood that, of course.

In a fairly similar fashion to today's methods, they understood it should be 'popped' back into place and then supported it, probably with animal skin and a stick/bone.

Temple of Ascelpion

Performed basic surgery

Understood exercise could prevent illness

Thought the Gods caused illness still

Baths (to wash)

Abaton (to sleep)

Temples (to heal)

Gymnasium (to exercise)

These facilities were popular around 400-600BC, and Ancient Greeks would visit when ill to get better.

People thought the Gods would heal them while they slept.

In reality, it was most likely priest doctors treating them as they slept.

The River Nile

Trading along the river

Developed Writing

Priest Doctors

Embalming dead bodies

Bathing and Washing

Fresh and Safe Drinking Water

Lots of fish

Irrigating crops

Promoting hygiene

Promoting hygiene

Good diet

Variety of diet, herbs, spices remedies etc.

Write down effective herbal remedies

Must be clean at all times

Reduces risk of infection

Learn about basic organ functions

Understanding of human anatomy, although limited

Hippocrates (460-370BC) and Galen (131-201AD) were Greek doctors

Clinical Observation

The 4 Humors

The Hippocratic Oath

They said illness is due to natural causes, not God.

They wrote many books, keeping their ideas around for 2,000 years

1) Observation: Looking for and recording symptoms

Still the used method of treatment today although nobody before Hippocrates had thought of it!

2) Diagnosis: Suggesting what is wrong with the patient

3) Prognosis: Suggesting a likely outcome

4) Treatment: If necessary, cures/medicine (remedies) are given

The theory that illness was caused by an imbalance of the Humors

Galen used this theory to develop The Theory of Opposites, meaning that people with lots of phlegm, associated with cold and wet, should eat hot peppers as treatment.

Now a discredited idea

Promise to preserve life and care for people above all else, regardless of who the patient is.

Promise to keep patient confidentiality, regardless of age, family or relationship.

Still used today!

Public Health

Hospitals in Forts

Believed in the 4 Humors theory from the Greeks

Large towns and cities enabled disease to spread easily

Anyone could be a Roman Doctor

Many still believed Gods caused illness

Understood that great Public Health was vital for a great empire

Well - equiped hospitals were available in most Roman Forts to treat soldiers.

Provided training for surgeons and physicians

Would not have impacted ordinary people

No training was required, and so treatments rarely worked

Allowed Greek Doctors to spread their ideas into the Empire