Flashcards
Key Terms
Flashcards do conjunto (42)
- 1alkali metaloccupy group IA (1) of the periodic table.
- 2alkaline earth metaloccupy group IIA (2) of the periodic table.
- 3aniona negatively charged atom or group of atoms.
- 4atomthe smallest unit of an element that retains properties of that element.
- 5atomic massthe mass of the atom expressed in atomic mass units.
- 6atomic massthe mass of the atom expressed in atomic mass units.
- 7atomic numberthe number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It is a characteristic identifier of an element.
- 8atomic orbitala specific region of space where an electron may be found.
- 9cathode raysa stream of electrons that are given off by the cathode (negative electrode) in a cathode ray tube.
- 10cationa positively charged atom or group of atoms.
- 11electromagnetic radiationenergy that is propagated as waves at the speed of light.
- 12electromagnetic spectrumthe complete range of electromagnetic waves.
- 13electrona negatively charged particle outside of the nucleus of an atom.
- 14electrona negatively charged particle outside of the nucleus of an atom.
- 15electron affinitythe energy released when an electron is added to an isolated atom.
- 16electron configurationthe arrangement of electrons in atomic orbitals.
- 17electron densitythe probability of finding the electron at a particular location.
- 18energy levelone of the numerous atomic regions where electrons may be found.
- 19groupany one of 18 vertical columns of elements. (Note that a group is often referred to as a family.)
- 20halogenoccupy group VIIA (17) of the periodic table.
- 21ionan electrically charged particle that is formed by the gain or loss of an electron.
- 22ionization energythe energy needed to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase.
- 23isoelectronicatom of the same element that differs in mass because it contains different numbers of neutrons.
- 24isotopeatom of the same element that differs in mass because it contains different numbers of neutrons.
- 25mass numberthe sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
- 26metalelement located on the left side of the periodic table (left of the “staircase” boundary).
- 27metalloidan element along the “staircase” boundary between metals and nonmetals; they exhibit both metallic and nonmetallic properties.
- 28neutronan uncharged particle, with the same mass as the proton, found in the nucleus of an atom.
- 29noble gaselements in group VIIIA (18) of the periodic table.
- 30nonmetalelement located on the right side of the periodic table (right of the “staircase” boundary).
- 31nucleusthe small, dense center of positive charge in the atom.
- 32octet rulea rule predicting that atoms form the most stable molecules or ions when they are surrounded by eight electrons in their highest occupied energy level.
- 33periodany one of seven horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table.
- 34periodic lawa law stating that properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. (Note that Mendeleev’s original statement was based on atomic masses.)
- 35protona positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom.
- 36quantizationa characteristic that energy can occur only in discrete units called quanta.
- 37representative elementmember of the group of the periodic table designated as “A”.
- 38spectroscopythe measurement of intensity and energy of electromagnetic radiation.
- 39speed of light(2.3) 2.99 x 108 m/s in a vacuum.
- 40sublevelset of equal-energy orbitals within a principal energy level.
- 41transition elementoccurs between groups IIIB (3) and IIB (12) in the long period of the periodic table.
- 42valence electronelectron in the outermost shell (principal quantum level) of an atom.
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- CHE-101 (Exam II ) FlashCards sobre Key Terms, criado por mnblock10 em 01-10-2013.
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