Flashcards
Ancient Mesopotamia & Egypt
Flashcards do conjunto (29)
- 1Mesopotamia"land between the rivers"; Where the 1st civilizations began; present day Iraq & Syria
- 2Fertile CrescentThe region in the middle East which curves, like a quarter-moon shape; known as the Cradle of civilization
- 3Polytheistic (aka polytheism)Belief in many GODS; Ancient Sumerians believed in over 3000 GODS.
- 4ZigguratThe massive platform that the sumerians built their religious temples on
- 5TheocracyMeans "rule by GOD"; describes a government where the ruler is thought to be a GOD
Ex: Ancient Egypt
- 6Cuneiform1st writing system developed by the Sumerians; "wedge-shape writing"
- 7Hammurabi's Law Code (33)1st written laws
- 8PatriarchalDescribes a society dominated by men
- 9Nile RiverLongest river in the world
- 10InundationAnnual flooding of the Nile River
- 11SiltRich black mud left behind from the flooding of the Nile River
- 12King MenesKing who united lower & Upper Egypt around 3100 BC
- 13Dynasty"great house of"; A family of rulers
- 14PharaohName for Egyptian king
- 15"Ba"Ancient Egyptians thought that when someone died the Ka, or the life force, left the physical body.
- 16MummificationTheir method of preserving the body was called mummification. Process lasted lasted up to 70 day.
- 17Canopic jarsContainers used to hold the Internal organs of the deceased that was going to be mummified.
- 18SarcophagusFormed the outer layer of protection for a royal mummy
- 19King Khufu (Cheops)Earned everlasting fame for being the pharaoh responsible for the Great Pyramid at Giza which he built to serve as his tomb.
- 20The Great pyramidLargest of the 3 pyrimds at Giza; built by King Khufu.
- 21King Khufu's BoatDiscovered in 1952 buried under the Great Pyramid
- 22Great Sphinxone of the largest and oldest statues in the world
- 23HieroglyphicsEgyptian picture writing
- 24The Rosetta StoneA stone with writing on it in two languages (Egyptian and Greek) using three scripts (hieroglyphic, demotic, and Greek.)
- 25HyksosInvaded Egypt; she ruled Egypt as king not queen; Sculptures and masks show her with a false beard.
- 26Akhenaten (Amenhotep)Rejected the traditional religion in favor of worshiping the Aten, or sun disc, after whom he renamed himself.
- 27King Tut (Tutankhamen)17 year old boy pharaoh whose tomb survived untouched by grave robbers.
- 28PapyrusReed like plant that grows on the Nile River Ancient Egyptians used to write on
- 29Cultural diffusionThe spreading of ideas from one culture to another culture