Flashcards
Chapter 2
Flashcards do conjunto (37)
- 1Anti-clericalisma measure of disrespect before the clergy (people that worked in the church)
- 2Pietismthe idea of a direst relationship between the individual and god, reducing the importance of church
- 3simonyselling church positions to the highest bidder
- 4John WycliffeQuestioned worldly wealth of church, the miracle of transubstantiation, teachings of penance, and the sale of indulgences.Urger his followers to read the bible and interpret themselves
- 5Jan HussLed a religious revolt against the church. Questioned the infallibility of the church and the immorality of the clergy.
- 6heresybeliefs contrary to religious doctrine
- 7Martin Luthera catholic monk who was troubled by the sale of indulgences. Wrote 95 Theses (attacks on indulgences). Wrote Christian Nobility, (secular governments had the right to reform the church), Babylonian Captivity (attacked the church teachings), and liberty of a christian man (developed basic ideas of a new church, grace is the sole gift of god, one is saved by faith alone, the bible is the only source of that faith.)
- 8penancepunishment for sin
- 9indulgencesreleased the buyer from punishment from sin
- 10purgatorya form of temporary Hell
- 11the diet of wormsa meeting of the german nobility
- 1295 thesesattacks on indulgences
- 13ways Europe was changing in the 16th centuryRenaissance humanism, especially in the north, led people to question religious practices, such as the power of relics or the value of living life as a monk/nun
- 14Church problems before reformationthe black death struck europe ultimately killing 1/3 of the population and pushing people to question power of the church.
- 15luthers revolutionary ideashe reduced the Catholic's seven sacraments to 2: communion and baptism, rejected transubstantiation, ended monasticism and did away with the idea of celibacy for clergy
- 16protestantism spreaded tonothern germany, scandinavia, englad, scotland, the Netherlands, France, and Switzerland.
- 17german peasants revolt of 1525peasants revolted because of worsening economy conditions and because they believed Luther had called for social equality
- 18Emperor Charles VStruggled with ruling a vast multinational empire and extended wars with France and the powerful Ottoman Empire. Unable to contain religious revolt happening.
- 19Schmalkaldic WarBetween charles and some of the Protestant princes went poorly for him
- 20Peace of AugsburgGranted legal recognition of Lutheranism in territories ruled by Lutheran Prince. Catholic princes were ensured their territory could remain Catholic.
- 21The anabaptiststhe idea of infant baptism. they believed baptism only works for adults who are aware of the decision they are making. Their practice of rebaptism was declared a capital offense in the Holy Roman Empire. They took over the city of Munster in 1534 and created the old testament theocracy
- 22John Calvinsettled in Geneva, Switzerland and developed his own faith. His main ideas are found in his Institutes of the Christian Religion, and he turned Geneva into Jerusalem.
- 23Predestinationthe God has predetermined everyone's fate. He believed few would go to heaven, most were destined for hell.
- 24HuguenotsFrench calvinists
- 25King Henry VIII, Anne Boleyn, Catherine and Edward VICriticized Martin Luther in a pamphlet, The Defense of the Seven Sacraments. Wanted to end his Marriage with his Spanish wife Catherine, wanted a male heir and viewed his wife's failure as god's displeasure with his marriage. Sought annulment. Fell in love with Anne Boleyn, became pregnant and secretly married her while still with Catherine and she gave birth to a daughter eventually married 6 times and gave birth to Edward VI.
- 26Act in restraint of appealsdeclared that all spiritual cases in england were in the kings jurisdiction, not the popes.
- 27Act of SupremacyDeclared the King of England as the Supreme Head of the Church of England
- 28Index of Prohibited BooksThey banned many heretical works, including texts from authors such as Erasmus and Galileo.
- 29The inquisitiontribunal that fought heresy in Catholic lands, using torture to force.
- 30The council of Trenttook steps to address issues that had sparked the Reformation, placed limits on simony.
- 31Baroque style artUrged more intense religious art to be created.
- 32The society of JesusIgnatius of Loyala
- 33St. Teresa of AvilaHelped create a much stricter order of Carmelite monks/nuns, the discalced carmelites.
- 34El Grecoartist that mixed mannerist, renaissance, and byzantine elements.
- 35Artemisia Gentileschia female artist known for her natural depictions of the female figure
- 36Gian Berninian architect and the most famous the Baroque sculptors
- 37Peter Paul Rubensan influential Butch artist that produced a huge number of paintings
Informações
- Descrição
- 10th grade European History FlashCards sobre Chapter 2, criado por Laura Branch em 29-09-2022.
- Criado por
- Laura Branch
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