Flashcards
Psychology Key Terms: Unit One - Memory
Flashcards do conjunto (22)
- 1EncodingChanging sensory input into a mental representation in the memory system.
- 2StorageThe retention of encoded information in memory over time.
- 3RetrievalThe process of recovery of a stored item from memory.
- 4Multi-StoreDevised by Atkinson and Shiffrin, represents memory as a flow of information in a set sequence between a rigid set of structures.
- 5Sensory StoreA modality-specific form of memory, involved in temporary preservation of sensory stimuli.
- 6Short-Term StoreMemory process which preserves recent information over relatively brief intervals, of limited capacity and information is stored for only a short length of time without rehearsal.
- 7Long-Term StoreEnduring memories that retain and preserve information for later retrieval over long periods - unlimited capacity and length.
- 8Recency EffectImproved memory for words at the end of a list rather than those in the middle or at the beginning of the list.
- 9Primacy EffectInformation presented first to a participant is more likely to be remembered than material subsequently presented.
- 10Reconstructive MemoryAn account of piecing together stored information during recall.
- 11Levels of ProcessingCraik and Lockhart's theory that the 'deeper' information is processed, the more likely it is to be retained in memory.
- 12Structural ProcessingStructural processing examines the structure of a word, e.g. is it in capital letters or lower-case letters.
- 13Phonetic ProcessingPhonetic processing examines how a word sounds, e.g. whether or not it rhymes with another word.
- 14Semantic ProcessingSemantic processing happens when we encode the meaning of a word and relate it to similar words with similar meaning.
- 15InterferenceRefers to the process that occurs when incoming information disrupts memory traces.
- 16Retroactive InterferenceA phenomenon that occurs when newly learned information interferes with the recall of already existing information.
- 17Proactive InterferenceDifficulty in learning new information because of already existing information.
- 18ContextThe situation or circumstances in which an event occurs.
- 19Anterograde AmnesiaThe inability to learn and remember new information after brain damage.
- 20Retrograde AmnesiaThe inability to recall events before the cause of amnesia.
- 21Leading QuestionsSubtly communicated to the respondent to answer in a particular way.
- 22Cognitive InterviewAn interview technique designed to be used by police to help elicit accurate information from eye-witnesses.
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- FlashCards sobre Psychology Key Terms: Unit One - Memory, criado por Jess Lambert em 17-02-2017.
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- Jess Lambert
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