Attachment

Attachment

1. Learning Theory

   • Classical Conditioning
     • Ivan Pavlov
     • Learning through association
   • Operant Conditiong
     • Dollard and Miller (1950)
     • Learning occurs through rewards
   • Harlow (1959) Monkey Experiment
   • Shaffer and Emerson

2. Bowlby Attachment Theory

   • Attachment is adaptive and innate
   • Sensitive period
   • Caregiving is adaptive
   • Secure Base
   • Monotropy and Hieratchy
   • Internal Working Model
   • Continuity Hypothesis
   • Imprinting in non-human animal s
   • Sensitive Period
   • Universality
   • Monotropy and Hierarchy
   • Caregiver Sensitivity
   • Continuity Hypothesis
   • Multiple Attachments
   • Alternative Explanation - The Temperament Hypothesis

3. The Strange Situation

   • Mary Ainsworth
     • Secure Attachment
     • Insecure Avoidant
     • Insecure Resistant
   • Validity
   • Reliability
   • Predictive reliability
   • Behaviour in later childhood
   • Adult Romantic Behaviour
   • Sensitivity

4. Cultural Variatons

   • Similarities
     • Ainsworth Uganda Study
     • Tronick et al African Tribe
     • Fox (1977) Israeli
   • Differences
     • Grossmann and Grossmann German Study
     • Takashi (1990) Japanese
   • Criticisms
     • Culture Bias
       • Rothbaum et al
         • Sensitive Hypothesis
         • Continuity Hypothesis
         • Secure Base
     • Indigenous theories of attachment
       • Rothbaum et al
       • Posada and Jacobs
       • Prior and Glaser
     • Nation vs Culture

5. Disruption of Attachment

   • Brief Separation
     • James Robertson (1952)
       • Laura
       • John
     • Maintaining the emotional bond
       • Robertson and Robertson
         • Jane, Lucy, Thomas and Kate
   • Physical vs Emotional Disruption
   • Reversing Emotional Disruption
   • The role of 'triggers'

6. Privation

   • Hodges and Tizard (1989)
   • Romanian Orphanages - Rutter et al
   • Attachment Disorder
   • Poor Parenting
   • Deprivation Dwarfism
   • Privation is only one factor
   • Privation or rejection?
   • Long-term effects

7. The impact of daycare

   • Aggression
     • The NICHD study
     • The EPPE Study
     • Re-interpreting the NICHD results
     • Other Factors Affecting Aggression
     • Lack of a Causal Relationship
   • Peer Relations
     • Attachment
     • Social Strategies
     • Correlation VS Cause
     • Methodological Limitations
   • Mediating Factors
     • Quality of day care
     • Lack of commitment and interest
     • Individual Differences
     • Childs age and number of hours
     • Applications

8. Influence of research into attachment and day care

   • Influence of attachment research
     • Improving the quality of day care
     • Caring the children in hospital
     • Adoption
     • Improving the quality of parenting
   • Influence of day care research
     • Importance of high quality day care
     • Good staff to child ratios
     • Minimal staff turnover
     • Qualified and experienced staff