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Practice questions- Parasitology 2nd semester: RUSVM

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Quiz on Practice questions- Parasitology 2nd semester: RUSVM , created by Kathryn George on 04/08/2017.
Kathryn George
Quiz by Kathryn George, updated more than 1 year ago
Kathryn George
Created by Kathryn George over 6 years ago
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Question 1

Question
A number of older cows in a Texas herd are losing condition rapidly with a corresponding drop in milk production. Two pregnant animals have aborted. Affected animals are off feed, uncoordinated and out of breath after exertion. On physical exam, affected cows have a rapid bouncing pulse and pale mucous membranes. One animal appears to be icteric with a temp of 105. Blood smear (pic). What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer
  • Eperythrozoon spp
  • Anaplasmosis
  • Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae
  • Theileriosis
  • Babesia bigemina

Question 2

Question
A flock from a turkey farm is presented with a mysterious illness. Several dead birds are notable. Mostly younger animals. Sick turkeys are listless, with drooping wings, unkempt feathers, yellow droppings, and silk older birds are emancipated. Necropsy shows a yellowish green caseous exudate in the ceca, cecal ulcerations and thickening of the cecal wall. Picture of liver What is the diagnosis?
Answer
  • Necrotic enteritis
  • Histomonasis
  • Avian spirochetosis
  • Coronaviral enteritis of turkeys
  • Hemorrhagic enteritis of turkeys

Question 3

Question
The most likely cause of diarrhea without intestinal blood loss in a 2 week old calf is which of the following?
Answer
  • Sarcocystis cruzi
  • Bunostomum phlebotomum
  • Eimeria bovis
  • Toxoplasma gondii
  • Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 4

Question
This bronchoscope image what's acquired from a 3 year old hound dog with a chronic cough, unresponsive to antibiotics that has recently increased in frequency and severity (Image has nodules in bronchoscope). Which of the following choices is the most likely rule out?
Answer
  • Nodules caused by a lungworm
  • Chronic eosinophilia bronchitis
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Myobacterial tracheitis/bronchitis
  • Pneumonyssoides caninum granuloma

Question 5

Question
What is the proper name for this parasite of pigs?
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Dioctophyma renale
  • Stephaanurus dentatus
  • Trichinella spiralis
  • Capillaria plica
  • Gnathostoma spinigerum

Question 6

Question
Infection in a beef herd with Tritrichomonas foetus is characterized by which of the following?
Answer
  • Anemia
  • Infertility
  • Wasting
  • Diarrhea
  • Neurologic disease

Question 7

Question
During the necropsy of an 8 year old mixed breed dog from the southern United States, reactive granulomas in the esophagus containing bright red worms 40mm to 70mm long are found. What is the diagnosis?
Answer
  • Ollulanus tricuspis
  • Haemonchus placei
  • Spirocerca lupi
  • Gastrophilus spp.
  • Physaloptera spp.

Question 8

Question
Within a steers ear, on examination, there appear to be very large mites (about 1 cm in diameter). The parasites are subsequently identified as a stage of the soft tick Otobius megnini. The stages present in the ear of this steer are which of the following?
Answer
  • Larvae, nymphs, and adults
  • Nymphs and adults
  • Nymphs and eggs
  • Eggs, larvae and nymphs
  • Larvae and nymphs

Question 9

Question
On a cold February day in the northeastern US, the cow shown below is examined for pruritis and crusts around the perineum. A skin scrape shows some kind of mite with long legs and short unsegmented pedicles. What should be done next?
Answer
  • Topical furazolidone
  • Amitraz SQ
  • Quarantine animal
  • Slaughter
  • Topical .25% crotoxyfos spray

Question 10

Question
Obstruction ovis ovewinters as which of the following?
Answer
  • Third-stage larvae in the frontal sinuses of sheep
  • Second-stage larvae in the frontal sinuses of sheep
  • Adults in lofts and attics
  • Eggs deposited on vegetation in sheep pastures
  • First-stage larvae in the nasal cavity of sheep and as pupae in soil

Question 11

Question
Damalinia equi is a louse that infests horses. The eggs of this louse are most likely to be found which of the following locations?
Answer
  • In the feces
  • Glued to the hairs
  • In water containers within the box stall
  • In the bedding of box stall
  • In soil surrounding the stable

Question 12

Question
Skin scrapings of a lesion at the base of the tail of a cow reveal mites. The mites are identified as Chorioptes bovis, by which of the following?
Answer
  • Long, jointed pedicles of the pretarsi
  • Long, nonjointed pedicles of the pretarsi
  • Short pedicles of the pretarsi
  • Elongate body
  • Lack of caruncles on the pretarsi

Question 13

Question
A flock of ewes is experiencing abortion as a result of focal placentitis. The parasite that typically causes this lesion in sheep is which of the following?
Answer
  • Trypanosomiasis ovis
  • Isospora felis
  • Eimeria ovinoidalis
  • Sarcocystis Tenella
  • Toxoplasma gondii

Question 14

Question
An otherwise healthy rabbit keeps shaking his head and scratching incessantly. There is a brown crust coating the interior of both ears. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer
  • Psoroptes cuniculi
  • Cheyletiella
  • Sarcoptes scabei
  • Taenia serialis
  • Otodectes cyanotis

Question 15

Question
The most likely cause of diarrhea without intestinal blood loss in a 2 week old calf is which of the following?
Answer
  • Sarcocystis cruzi
  • Bunostomum phlebotomum
  • Eimeria bovis
  • Toxoplasma gondii
  • Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 16

Question
Necropsy of a horse reveals infection of the skeletal and cardiac muscle with Sarcocystis bertrami. Typical clinical signs of myositic infection (bradyzoite stage infection) with this parasite as with other species of Sarcocystis are:
Answer
  • Muscle pain and loss of function
  • Inappetence and wasting
  • Diarrhea no dehydration
  • Central nervous system signs
  • Absent

Question 17

Question
Converting evaluation of the efficacy of parasite control programs, which statement is least accurate?
Answer
  • At 1-2 weeks after anthelmintic therapy, 20% of horses should be evaluated for nematode ova
  • Tapeworm ova are best detected using the Wisconsin technique
  • Fecal egg counts should be performed on all fecal samples that show eggs on fecal flotation
  • Fecal egg counts cannot predict the number of parasites a horse harbors
  • Pasture contamination can be considered low if fecal egg counts are below 50 eggs/g

Question 18

Question
Concerning tapeworm infection which statement is least accurate?
Answer
  • The common tapeworms of horses are Anoplocephala magna and Anoplocephala perfoliata
  • The life cycle involves snails as intermediate hosts
  • Tapeworms are more common in adults horses than foals
  • Clinical signs attributable to tapeworm infection include unthriftiness, intestinal ulceration, and intussusception
  • Pyrantel pamoate is the treatment of choice against Anoplocephala

Question 19

Question
Which of the following is not associated with Parascaris equorum infection?
Answer
  • weight loss
  • Coughing and nasal discharge
  • Lethargy
  • Slow weight gain
  • Protein-losing enteropathy

Question 20

Question
In order of occurrence, the typical pattern of events in the life cycle of a coccidi an parasite, such as Eimeria organisms are:
Answer
  • schizont, schizont, gametocyte, oocyst, sporocyt, sporozoite
  • Oocyst, gametocyte, schizont, schizont, sporozoite, sporocyst
  • Oocyst, sporocyst, sporozoite, gametocyte, schizont, schizont
  • Gametocyte, schizont, schizont, oocyst, sporocyst, sporozoite
  • Schizont, schizont, oocyst, gametocyte, sporocyst, sporozoite

Question 21

Question
Which procedure is required to control house flies and stable flies?
Answer
  • Frequent spraying of insecticides around barns
  • Applying repellents and insecticidal sprays to horses
  • Installing electric light traps around barns
  • Proper disposal of hay and manure
  • Administering oral insecticides

Question 22

Question
Concerning infestations of ectoparasites in horses, which statement is least accurate?
Answer
  • Lice infestations most commonly involve the biting louse (damalinia equi) and the sucking louse (Haematopinus asini). Infestations can occur at any time but tend to be most common in the winter
  • Scabies in horses usually begins on the head, Chorioptes infestations begin on the legs and Psoroptes infestations begin on the trunk
  • Culicoides hypersensitivity is one of the most common fly-bite dermatoses of horses . In general, the head, tail, and centrum are affected; pruritus may be generalized in severe cases
  • Onchocerciasis can cause cutaneous and ocular lesions. Cutaneous lesions are represented by alopecia, ulcerations, depigmentation, and scaling. The face, neck, and ventral midline are the most commonly infested. The filariasis nematode is transmited by Musca domestica
  • The treatment of choice for equine mite and lice infestations is ivermectin

Question 23

Question
Which of the following diseases is NOT transmitted by hard ticks? (Ixodidae)
Answer
  • Babesiosis
  • Ehrilichiosis
  • Theileriosis
  • Lyme disease
  • Rift Valley fever

Question 24

Question
In horses, the larvae of Gasterophilus intestinalis spend more time within the oral mucosa. Ultimately, however, they arrive in the stomach where they complete their development. The total average stay of G. intestinalis within a horse is approximatley which of the following?
Answer
  • 2 weeks
  • 2 months
  • 3 months
  • 10 months
  • 23 months

Question 25

Question
This Holstein cow has submandibular Adela, slightly pale mucus membranes, and reduced milk production. CBC shows mild anemia, GGT is elevated. Fecal examination shows a few oval, operculated golden brown eggs. Which one of the following choices is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer
  • Traumatic reticuloperitonitis
  • High-mountain disease
  • Liver abscesses
  • Fasciolosis
  • Paramphistomosis

Question 26

Question
Which organisms is depicted in the images?
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Dermatitis hominis
  • Cochliomyia hominivorax
  • Cuterebra spp.
  • Coenurus cerebralis
  • Onchocerca cervicalis

Question 27

Question
Concerning onchocerciasis, which statement is least accurate?
Answer
  • Cutaneous onchocerciasis is characterized by alopecia nod depigmentation
  • Adult Onchocerca cervicalis worms live in the nuchal ligament
  • Culicoides gnats ingest the microfilariae of Onchocerca in the dermis
  • Ivermectin therapy kills both microfilariae and the adult Onchocerca cervicalis worms
  • Lesions can appear on the face, chest, withers and ventral midline

Question 28

Question
If the following image is seen on necropsy, what would be recommended as a treatment plan for the remaining group of pigs?
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • There is no effective treatment
  • Morantel PO
  • Lincomycin IM
  • Decrease non-protein nitrogen in diet
  • Antihelminthics

Question 29

Question
The following image is seen on a blood smear from a range cow from south Texas near the Mexican border. The cow has 2 day history of high fever, anorexia, depression and "redwater" (red urine-hemoglobinuria). What is the diagnosis?
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Babesiosis
  • Bacillary Hemoglobinuria
  • Leptospirosis
  • Anaplasmosis
  • Trypanosomiasis

Question 30

Question
A 2 week old calf is presented that is dehydrated and almost emancipated from weight loss. She has a 1 week history of water, foamy diarrhea and exhibits tenesmus during examination. The calf is the only sick one in the mixed group of calves that range from 3 weeks to 2 months of age. What is the diagnosis?
Answer
  • Coronavirus
  • Coccidiosis
  • Colibacillosis
  • Ostertagiasis
  • Cryptosporidiosis

Question 31

Question
Cutaneous habronemasis (summer sores) is a:
Answer
  • disease of the lymphatics of the extremeties
  • Skin disease of the ventral midline, transmitted by midges
  • Seasonal granulomatous skin disease transmitted by house flies and stable flies
  • Seasonal granulomatous skin dense transmitted by Culicoides gnats
  • Skin dense of the face transmitted by Culicoides gnats

Question 32

Question
The concept of "spring rise" refers to which of the following?
Answer
  • Increased numbers of larvae on pasture in the spring
  • Accelerated development from egg to larvae under spring conditions
  • Increased egg output by ewes due to continued development of arrested larvae
  • Development of increased Hemonchus-specific antibody levels during spring
  • Movement of larvae that have overwintered in the soil up onto freshly growning grass in the spring

Question 33

Question
Necropsy of a horse reveals a 5cm hemispheric swelling in the stomach at the level of the Margo plicatus. The swelling contains necrotic material and a large number of worms about 1cm long. The females lay small, thin-shelled larvated eggs. The worm within this lesion is most likely which of the following?
Answer
  • Draschia megastoma
  • Habronema muscle
  • Trichostrongylus axei
  • Strongyloides westeri
  • Probstmayria vivipara

Question 34

Question
Species of Nematodirus differ from other trichostrongyloid nematodes in which of the following?
Answer
  • Their larvae develop into infective stage within the egg
  • The adult worms live in the lungs
  • The adult worms live in the small intestine
  • Developing larvae migrate through the liver and lungs
  • They require an intermediate host

Question 35

Question
Concerning fecal examination for parasite ova in horses, which statement is most accurate?
Answer
  • Fecal egg counts correlate well with the severity of clinical signs
  • Parasitism can be ruled out as a cause of chronic diarrhea in horses when fecal egg counts are less than 500 eggs/g feces
  • Parasitism can be ruled out as a cause of chronic diarrhea in horses when fecal examination is negative for parasite ova
  • Examination of feces from several horses in the same environment for parasite ova is useful for dertermining the efficacy of the parasite control program
  • Parasitism can be ruled out as a cause of diarrhea in horses when fecal egg counts are less than 200 eggs/g feces

Question 36

Question
Which choice is associated with osteosarcoma and hypertrophic osteopathy?
Answer
  • Spirocerca lupi
  • Coccidiodomycosis
  • Habronema spp.
  • Blastomycosis
  • Ollulanus tricuspis

Question 37

Question
A smear of blood collected from a newborn foal contains microfilariae identified as those of Setaria equina. If the microfilariae in the foal are not killed by anthelmintic treatment, they will:
Answer
  • Develop to adults within the abdominal cavity
  • Develop to infective larvae in the dermis
  • Cause "summer sores" in the saddle area
  • Die from natural causes without serious consequences to the foal
  • Migrate to the brain causing serious neurologic disease

Question 38

Question
In horses, the larvae of Strongylus vulgaris are the pathogenic stage of this parasite. Damage is caused by migration of the larvae within the:
Answer
  • Bile canaliculi of the liver
  • Islet cells of the pancreas
  • Intima of the cranial mesenteric arteries
  • Lymphatic vessels in the small intestinal wall
  • Meninges of the spinal cord

Question 39

Question
Which parasite can cause cutaneous larva migrans in people?
Answer
  • Habronema spp
  • Trichuris spp
  • Spirocerca sp
  • Gastrophilus spp
  • Ancylostoma spp

Question 40

Question
Concerning larval cyathostomiasis, which statement is least accurate?
Answer
  • Larval cyathostomiasis is most common in young horses but can occur in horses of all ages
  • Clinical signs of cyathostomiasis may include: diarrhea, colic, weight loss, dependent edema, and delayed shedding of the winter hair coat
  • The disease is seasonal and associated with emergence of larvae from the gut wall after hypobiosis
  • Adult cyathostomiasis does not usually cause diarrhea but can contribute to protein losing eneropathy
  • Ivermectin and some benzimidazole dewormers are the only anthelmintics effective against third-stage larvae encysted in the gut wall

Question 41

Question
Infection of a horse with large numbers of Oxyuris equi is likely to lead to:
Answer
  • Verminous arteritis
  • Gastritis
  • Acute diarrhea in late winter and spring
  • Bare patches around the tail and perineum
  • Chronic bloody diarrhea

Question 42

Question
Which of the following is correct concerning the larva that hatches after an egg of Parascaris equorum is ingested by the host?
Answer
  • It develops entirely within the intestinal lumen
  • It undergoes early development in the intestinal wall before migrating back to the small intestine
  • It migrates to the liver and throughout the abdominal cavity before migrating back to the small intestine
  • It migrates from the liver to the lungs before returning to the small intestine
  • It devotes in the colon and then migrates back to the small intestine e

Question 43

Question
Necropsy of a horse reveals the intestine to contain a very large number of white tapeworms at the ileocecal valve, though no eggs were detected in the feces enforce necropsy. This parasite is most likely which of the following?
Answer
  • Taenia hydatigena
  • Echinococcus granulosus
  • Moniezia expansa
  • Anoplocephala perfoliata
  • Thysanosoma actinioides

Question 44

Question
A large cyst (8 cm in diameter) is found in the lung of a cow in Utah. The cyst contains thousands of microscopic tapeworm scolices. This cyst represents which of the following?
Answer
  • A sparganum
  • A cysticercus
  • A coenurus
  • A hydatid
  • A cystercercoid

Question 45

Question
Which of the following is the major clinical sign of hemonchosis in sheep?
Answer
  • Pale mucus membranes
  • Diarrhea
  • Hypoproteinemia
  • Constipation
  • Bloody diarrhea

Question 46

Question
In a calf that died from severe diarrhea associated with high serum pepsinogen levels, necropsy reveals in the rumen, reticulum and omasum to be full of feed, while the remainder of the alimentary tract is virtually empty. The mucosa of the abomasum is covered with gray-white 3-5mm nodules, each of which contains a small worm. The parasite responsible for this type of lesion in cattle is which of the following?
Answer
  • Haemonchus placei
  • Trichostrongylus axei
  • Ostertagia ostertagi
  • Menatodirus helvetianus
  • Bunostomum phlebotomum

Question 47

Question
A skin lesion on the face of a horse contains large numbers of eosinophils and nematode larvae and improves markedly after ivermectin therapy. The larvae are probably those of which of the following?
Answer
  • Habronema muscae
  • Strongylus vulgaris
  • Trichostrongylus axei
  • Strongyloides westeri
  • Probstmayria vivipara

Question 48

Question
Infection of a horse with large numbers of Oxyuris equi is likely to lead to which of the following?
Answer
  • Verminous arteritis
  • Gastritis
  • Acute diarrhea in late winter and spring
  • Bare patches around the tail and perineum
  • Chronic bloody diarrhea

Question 49

Question
Young beef cattle in Mississippi develop anemia and anasarca during a wet period of the summer. None of the animals shows any signs of diarrhea and some seem constipated. One animal dies and necropsy reveals numerous red and white worms, 20-3-mm long, within the abomasum. The worm most likely responsible for the disease in these cattle is which of the following?
Answer
  • Haemonchus placei
  • Trichostrongylus axei
  • Ostertagia ostertagi
  • Nematodirus helvetianus
  • Bunostomum phlebotomum

Question 50

Question
A mite that has long, jointed pedicles and is occasionally found in the ears of llamas is a species of which of the following?
Answer
  • Sarcoptes
  • Psoroptes
  • Chorioptes
  • Otodectes
  • Knemidokoptes

Question 51

Question
Winter coccidiosis in cattle is characterized by which of the following?
Answer
  • Anemia and icterus
  • Wasting and myositis
  • Diarrhea and dysentery
  • Cardiac failure
  • Fever and loss of hair at the base of the tail

Question 52

Question
Which parasite has been associated with hypoadrenocorticism-like syndrome and has been suggested as a cause for cecocolic intussusception in dogs?
Answer
  • Ancylostoma caninum
  • Physaloptera spp
  • Trichuris Vulpis
  • Toxocara canis
  • Spirocerca lupi

Question 53

Question
A 2- year old heifer is presented who died the night before. She was stunted compared to her herdmates, and had a 3 week history of poor appetite, unthriftiness, and diarrhea. Necropsy reveals that the abomasum is edematous and covered in small umbilicated nodules (Moroccan leather appearance). Several other younger cows in this Spring-calving herd look unthriftiness and have diarrhea too. What is the plan of action?
Answer
  • Cull the sick cows, keep horses of the same pasture 3 months
  • Treat the affected heifers with Albendazole
  • Treated affected heifers with Ivermectin, repeat in 6 months
  • Treat herd with Amprolium, repeat every 5 weeks
  • Dewormers cows post calving, calves by midsummer, all stock in fall

Question 54

Question
Donkeys infected with Dictyocaulus arnfieldi are considered a threat to horses because they contaminate the environment with larvae. Grazing horses acquire lungworm infections by ingesting:
Answer
  • Free living infective larvae
  • Infective larvae in snail intermediate host
  • Infective larvae in an oribatid mite

Question 55

Question
In horses, small strongyles (cyathostomiasis) can cause disease when present in large numbers or apparently when there is a mass emergence of arrested larvae. In which of the following are the hypobiotic larvae (arrested larvae) of these worms located in the parasitized horse?
Answer
  • The lungs
  • The cranial mesenteric arteries
  • Caseous nodules in the small bowel
  • The wall of the cecum and colon
  • The wall of the stomach

Question 56

Question
The pot bellied pig in this picture is infected with Trichinella spiralis. How is this parasite in pigs transmitted?
Answer
  • Ingestion of encysted larvae in the muscle
  • Ingestion of earthworms, the IH
  • Ingestion of encysted larvae in the urine
  • Ingestion of encysted larvae in the feces
  • Ingestion of snails, the IH

Question 57

Question
On fecal examination of a 7 year old dog, this organism is evident. Which of the following is this egg associated with?
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Answer
  • Whipworm
  • Roundworm
  • Tapeworm
  • Fluke

Question 58

Question
Concerning the parasitic portion of the life cycle of Parascaris equorum, which statement is least accurate?
Answer
  • The life cycle begins with ingestion of infective eggs
  • Third-stage larvae migrate via the mesenteric artery to the liver in the first week after infection
  • Larvae migrate to the lungs about 10 days after infection
  • Larvae migrate within the lungs for about 1 week before proceeding to the major airways
  • Most larvae arrive in the small intestine 2-3 weeks after ingestion

Question 59

Question
The prepatent period for Parascaris equorum infection is?
Answer
  • 75-100 days
  • 65-120 days
  • 55- 65 days
  • 35-50 days
  • 115 to 135 days

Question 60

Question
Cattle become infected with Ostertagia ostertagi by which of the following means?
Answer
  • Ingestion of infective larvae
  • Ingestion of infected aribatid mites
  • Transmammary migration of infective larvae
  • Transplacental migration of infective larvae
  • Ingestion of infective larvae encysted in water plants

Question 61

Question
A 4 year old standard bred mare develops paralysis of the right side of its face. Despite various treatments, the disease progresses to lameness and paresis and the owner elects euthanasia. Necropsy reveals lesions in the brain and spinal cord containing Protozoal organisms. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these findings?
Answer
  • Trypanosomiasis equiperdum
  • Babesia caballi
  • Klossiella equi
  • Sarcocystis neurona
  • Besnoitia jelisoni
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