Flashcards
Language Change key words
Cards in this deck (36)
- 1standardisationmaking all variations of language conform to the standard
- 2diachronic changehistorical language change over a timespan
- 3synchronic changetheoretical point in time, disregarding historical context
- 4lexiconthe vocabulary of a language
- 5political correctnesswords or phrases used to replace those viewed as offensive
- 6overt prestigestatus of producer, using the most official and standard form of language e.g. Received Pronunciation and Standard English
- 7covert prestigestatus of producer who doesn't adopt a standard dialect
- 8borrowingintroduction of a word from one language to another
- 9eponymthe name of a person after whom something is named
- 10proprietary namesthe name given to a commercial product by one organisation, which is then commonly used for other products e.g. Hoover
- 11acronymword made up from initial letters of a phrase (sounded as a word)
- 12initialismword made from initial letters, each being pronounced
- 13clippingnew word produced by shortening an existing one
- 14affixationaddition of bound morphemes to an existing word
- 15prefixesaddition of a bound morpheme to the beginning of a root word
- 16suffixesaddition of a bound morpheme to the end of a root word
- 17conversionwhen a word changes its word class
- 18compoundcombining two separate words to create a new word
- 19blendtwo words fusing to make a new one
- 20obsoleteno longer having any use
- 21driftprocess of linguistic change over a period of time
- 22ameliorationwhen a word takes on a different, positive, meaning than previously - gaining status
- 23pejorationwhen a word takes on a different, negative, meaning than previously - losing status
- 24weakeningwhen a word loses the strength of its original meaning
- 25narrowing (specialisation)when a word becomes more specific in its meaning
- 26broadening (generalisation)when a word keeps its original meaning, but also acquires others
- 27euphemisminoffensive word/phrase used to suggest something unpleasant
- 28idioman expression that is peculiar grammatically, or cannot be understood from the clause element individual meanings
- 29archaisman old word/phrase no longer in general use
- 30influential powerpower used to influence/persuade
- 31instrumental powerpower used to maintain and enforce authority
- 32omissionleaving out a phoneme in a cluster e.g. "hangin(g)"
- 33assimilationthe effect of the pronunciation of one phoneme on another
- 34informalisationprocess of increasingly information language being used in all areas of society
- 35received pronunciationthe prestige form of English pronunciation
- 36divergencewhen a person's language becomes more individualised, away from other individuals
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- A2 level English Language (Language Change) Flashcards on Language Change key words, created by 07akent on 30/12/2013.
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- 07akent
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