Flashcards
Endocrine System
Cards in this deck (42)
- 19 major glands in the endocrine systemhypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal galnd, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, ovaries/teste, pancreas, adreal gland
- 2hypothalamusmaintains homeostasis and regulates body temp, heart rate, and BP
- 3pituitary glandsecretes hormones involved in body's growth and development and that increase reabsorption of water into kidneys
- 4pineal glandproduction of melatonin
- 5thyroidhelp regulate metabolism
- 6parathyroidsecretes hormones necessary for calcium absorption
- 7thymuscontrols production of white blood cells
- 8pancreasresponsible for production of insulin and gluagon
- 9adrenal glandproduces hormones that allow the body to react to stress such as adrenaline and cortisol
- 10(pituitary gland) hyperpituitarisman excessive secretion of growth hormone commonly caused by a tumor or hyperplasia of the anterior lobes of the pituitary gland. pathological processes that result: giantism, acromegaly
- 11gigantismtoo much growth hormone secreted. can grow up to 7-8ft tall. long limbs. muscular and sexual development below average. radiographic appearance: increase length of long bones b/c of delay formation of ephipheseal plate, vertebral body's wegding
- 12acromegalyover production of growth hormone after growth has completed, bones and tissue enlargment. radiographic appearance: large hands/feet, prominent facial features, curvurature of spine, degenerative lesions in joints
- 13hypopituitarismdecrease in growth hormone, common cause is a benign tumor
- 14dwarfismdoesn't stimulate growth, small stature, if its true, they don't deveop sexually. radiographic appearance: small skeleton
- 15simmonds syndromecronic pituitary insufficiency. premature aging in both children and adolenscents, growth slows, age person. radiographic appearance: thin extremetires, bird like facial features
- 16diabetes insipidusrare type, caused by a neoplasm (cancer), head injury, or change in sugar levels. abnormal increase in urine output
- 17(thyroid gland) hyperthyroidismoverdeveloped thyroid, excessive secretion of hormone, common in females (graves disease)
- 18hypothyroidismunderdevelopment of hormone
- 19infantile hypothyroidismundersecretion during early growth, produces dwarfism, also known as cretinism. radiographic appearance: increase thickness of cranium (widened sutures because of delay closure), delayed growth, retarded bone age (slow), air cells in sinuses and mastoids under developed
- 20myxedemathyroid defficiency in older adults (30-60), common in females. reduced interlectual in motor function, weight gain, enlargment and swelling of eyelids. radiographic appearance: enlarged heart due to pericardial effusion, soft tissue swelling, pleural effusion/pulmonary edema
- 21goiterenlargment of thyroid, normal or low functioning, caused by iodine deffiecency
- 22thyroid adenomabenign neoplasm, commonly in neck, one nodule, surrounded by fibrous tissue capsule
- 233 classifications of thyroid adenomapapillary, follicular, medullary (use ultrasound)
- 24papillarymost common, slow growing tumor that netastasizes through lymph nodes
- 25folliculardifficult to detect, models normal thyroid tissue
- 26medullaryrare, occurs in solid masses rather than producing glands.
- 27(parathyroid) hyperparathyroidism-primaryproduction increases, breakdown of bone
- 28secondarymetabolic changes, deficinec of V.D. low serum calcium or chronic renal failur
- 29tertiaryoccurs after long term secondary, cased by chronic kidney disease, hormone no longer regulated, so escessive hormone segreted out
- 30hyperparathyroidismexcessive amount of parathyroid hormone in blood stream b/c of 1 or 4 glands in parathyroid. radiographic appearance: lacey pattern in digits, brown tumors, increase calcium obsorption in kidney and intestines
- 31hypoparathyroidismdecrease function in parathyroid caused by removal of 4 glands
- 32(adrenal glands) cushing syndromeexessive production of glucorticoids, usually have osteoporosis, bruise easily. radiographic appearance: osteoporosis, spontaneous fractures in humerus/femur, increase calcium-causes kidney stones
- 33addison disease, AKA adrenocortical insufficiencyinsufficient production of adrenal cortical, any age, usually after trauma/stress, slowly detroys cortex of adrenal gland, caused by TB, tumor, inflammatory necrosis
- 34pheochromocytomatumor on adrenal mudulla, benign, located in abdomen, but can occur anywhere in sympathetic nervous system. radiographic appearance: use CT, U.S. or KUB, lab test, filling defect or displaced anatomy
- 35neuroblastomawilms-malignant, children under 5, located in adrenal madulla. radiographic appearance: calcification, downard/lateral displacement
- 36(pancreas) diabets mellituschronic disease resulting from a carbohydrate metabolism disorder, caused by inadequate secretion of insulin by the beta cells of the islet of langerhans.
- 374 stages of dabetes mellitusprediabetes, suspected diabets, chemical/latent diabetes, overt diabets
- 38prediabetsoffspring of diabetic parent, assume they will get it later in life
- 39suspected diabetesabnormal glucose tolorance test influenced by obesity, pregnancy, when the causitive agent is removed through metabolism goes back to normal
- 40chemical/latend diabetesno s/s but when stressed glucose tolerance test is abnormal
- 41overt diabeteshave symptoms of diabetes
- 422 types of diabetes mellitustype 1 or juvenille (little or no insulin), and maturity onset or type 2(diet control, too much insulin). radiographic appearance: arteriosclerosis (hardening of arteries), osteomyelitis (bone descruction), neuropathic joint disease (death of joints)
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- Flashcards on Endocrine System, created by Krystal Stanczyk on 11/04/2017.
- Created by
- Krystal Stanczyk · Apr 2017
- Updated
- Feb 4, 2018
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