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Flashcards

Exam 3 Adolescent Development

April Watson Psychology English 59 cards

Cards in this deck (59)

  1. 1Possible selvesThe various identities an adolescent might imagine for him or herself
  2. 2Future OrientationThe extent to which an individual is able and inclined to think about the potential consequences of decisions and choices
  3. 3Self-conceptionsThe collection of traits and attributes that individuals use to describe or characterize themselves
  4. 4Self-esteemThe degree to which individuals feel positively or negatively about themselves
  5. 5Sense of identityThe extent to which individuals feel secure about who they are and who they are becoming
  6. 6False-self behaviorBehavior that intentionally presents a false impression to others
  7. 7Five-factor modelThe theory that there are five basic dimensions to personality: extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience
  8. 8Self-consciousnessThe degree to which an individual is preoccupied with his or her self-image
  9. 9Self-imageThe degree to which an individual's self-image changes from day to day
  10. 10Identity versus identity diffusionAccording to Erikson, the normative crisis characteristic of the fifth stage of development, predominant during adolescence
  11. 11Psychosocial moratoriumA period during which individuals are free from excessive obligations and responsibilities and can therefore experiment with different roles and personalities
  12. 12Identity diffusionThe incoherent, disjointed, incomplete sense of self characteristic of not having resolved the crisis of identity
  13. 13Identity foreclosureThe premature establishment of a sense of identity, before sufficient role experimentation has occured
  14. 14Negative identityThe selection of an identity that is obviously undesirable in the eyes of significant others and the broader community
  15. 15AgencyThe sense that one has an impact on one's world
  16. 16Ethnic identityThe aspect of individuals' sense of identity concerning ancestry or racial group membership
  17. 17Ethnic socializationThe process through which individuals develop an understanding of their ethnic or racial background, also referred to as racial socialization
  18. 18Immigrant paradoxThe fact that on many measures of psychological functioning and mental health, adolescents who have immigrated more recently to the United States score higher on measures of adjustment than adolescents from the same ethnic group whose family has lived in the U.S. for several generations
  19. 19Multidimensional model of racial identityA perspective on ethnic identity that emphasizes three different phenomena: racial centrality (how important race is in defining individuals' identity), private regard (how individuals feel about being a member of their race), and public regard (how individuals think others feel about their race).
  20. 20MultiethnicHaving two parents of different ethnic or racial backgrounds
  21. 21gender role behaviorThe extent to which an individual behaves in traditionally "masculine" or "feminine" ways.
  22. 22gender intensification hypothesisThe idea that pressures to behave in sex appropriate ways intensify during adolescence
  23. 23emotional autonomyThe establishment of more adultlike and less childish close relationships with family members and peers.
  24. 24behavioral autonomyThe capacity to make independent decisions and to follow through with them
  25. 25cognitive autonomyThe establishment of an independent set of values, opinions and beliefs.
  26. 26detachmentin psychoanalytic theory, the process through which adolescents sever emotional attachments to their parents or other authority figures
  27. 27individuationthe progressive sharpening of an individual's sense of being an autonomous, independent person
  28. 28psychological controlParenting that attempts to control the adolescent's emotions and opinions
  29. 29prosocial behaviorBehaviors intended to help others
  30. 30preconventional moral reasoningThe first level of moral reasoning, which is typical of children and is characterized by reasoning that is based on rewards and punishments associated with different courses of action
  31. 31conventional moral reasoningThe second level of moral development, which occurs during late childhood and early adolescence and is characterized by reasoning that is based on the rules and conventions of society
  32. 32postconventional moral reasoningThe level of moral reasoning during which society's rules and conventions are seen as relative and subjective rather than as authoritative; also called principled moral reasoning.
  33. 33moral disengagementRationalizing immoral behavior as legitimate, as a way of justifying one's own bad acts.
  34. 34civic engagementinvolvement in political and community affairs, as reflected in knowledge about politics and current affairs, participation in conventional and alternative political activities and engaging in community service
  35. 35service learningThe process of learning through involvement in community service
  36. 36religiosityThe degree to which one engages in religious practices, like attending services.
  37. 37spiritualitythe degree to which one places importance on the quest for answers to questions about God and the meaning of life
  38. 38platonic relationshipsnonsexual relationships with individuals who might otherwise be romantic partners
  39. 39attachmentThe strong affectional bond that develops between an infant and a caregiver
  40. 40secure attachmentA healthy attachment between infant and caregiver, characterized by trust
  41. 41anxious-avoidant attachmentAn insecure attachment between infant and caregiver, characterized by indifference on the part of the infant toward the caregiver
  42. 42internal working modelThe implicit model of interpersonal relationships that an individual employs throughout life, believed to be shaped by early attachment experiences.
  43. 43rejection sensitivityheightened vulnerability to being rejected by others
  44. 44Adult Attachment InterviewA structured interview used to assess an individual's past attachment history and "internal working model" of relationships
  45. 45co-ruminationExcessive talking with another about problems
  46. 46social-supportthe extent to which an individual receives emotional or instrumental assistance from his or her social network
  47. 47LGBTQ youthLesbian, ay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning youth, sometimes referred to as sexual minority youth
  48. 48autoerotic behaviorSexual behavior that is experienced alone, such as masturbation or sexual fantasizing
  49. 49testosteroneOne of the sex hormones secreted by the gonads, found in both sexes but in higher levels among males that females.
  50. 50risk factorsFactors that increase the likelihood of some behavior or condition
  51. 51sexual socializationThe process through which adolescents are exposed to and educated about sexuality
  52. 52Sexually transmitted disease (STD)Any of a group of infections including HPV, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, herpes, chlamydia, and AIDS - passed on through sexual contact
  53. 53gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpesSexually transmitted infections caused by a bacterium
  54. 54human papillomavirus (HPV)One of several viruses that causes a sexually transmitted disease
  55. 55trichomoniasisa sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite
  56. 56AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)A disease caused by a virus transmitted by means of bodily fluids, that devastates the immune system.
  57. 57HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)The virus associated with AIDS
  58. 58comprehensive sex educationPrograms that not only provide information about contraceptives, STDs, and pregnancy but also teach adolescents how t refuse unwanted sex and avoid unintended sex, increase their motivation to engage in safe sex, and change perceptions about peer norms and attitudes
  59. 59abstinence-only sex educationPrograms that encourage adolescents to avoid sexual activity but that do not provide information about safe sex

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Psychology (Adolescent Development ) Flashcards on Exam 3 Adolescent Development, created by April Watson on 06/11/2017.
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