Memory

Memory

1. Processes

   • Encoding
     • representing in memory information that's considered important
       • gist
         • essence
       • verbatum
         • word by word
   • Storage
     • retaining information in the brain
       • Sensory, WM, LT
         • suggestability
   • Retrieval
     • re-accessing of events of information that have been encoded and stored
       • recognition
       • recall

2. Development

   • all interact
     • Basic processes
       • simplest+ most used mental abilities
         • association, generalization, recognition, recall
           • building blocks of cognition
       • implicit
         • unconscious, from birth
           • striatum and cerebellum
       • Explicit
         • conscious, 6-8 months
           • prefrontal cortex and amydgala
     • Strategies
       • cognitive or behavioural activities that are controlled and used by subject to enhance memory performance
         • under application
           • because they take a lot of effort
         • experience dependence
           • refining strategies and generalizing to new info
       • rehearsing
       • organizing
       • selective attention
         • systematicity
       • It's unreliable
         • mediational deficiency
           • even w/used they don't work because can't use them well
         • production deficiency
           • not used because of system constrains
         • utilization deficiency
           • balance of the two
     • Metacognition
       • thinking about thinking
         • implicit
           • monitoring own mental activities
         • explicit
           • knowledge of thinking and memory related to your own toughts
     • Content knowledge
       • body of memories
         • affects: how much and what children remember+ scripts and schemas
       • affected by our IQ : how quickly we make connections
       • explains other memory changes
         • enhanced encoding
           • freeing up available resources
         • spreading activation
           • activates correlated process

3. Terms

   • association
     • most basic learning mechanism= stimuli+response
   • time window
     • time between when you learn and just before you forget it
   • inhibition
     • increased content kn. so you know what to pay attention to
   • processing capacity
     • resources constraints: not clear if it increases or if you use it better
   • processing speed
     • speed related to maturation (how tall now vs how tall you'll be)
   • infantile amnesia
     • Not remembering anything before 2 due to physiological changes, sociocultural influences and encoding recall incompability