Memory

Memory

1. Multi-store Model

   • Peterson and Peterson
     • Given sets of 3 letters or words and asked to count backwards for different lengths on time and then recall numbers or letter
     • Participants had forgotten virtually everything in 18 seconds
   • Murdock
     • Learn a list of words and then recall in any order
     • Words at the beginning and end were recalled the best

2. Levels of Processing

   • Craik and Lockhart
     • Given a list of words and had to answer yes or no, some questions were structural, some were phonetic, some were sematic
     • 70% identified semantic words, 35% phonetic and 15% structural

3. Reconstructive memory

   • Bartlett
     • Told the story of 'War of the Ghosts', asked to retell it for several weeks after
     • Participants found it hard to remember some of the story and changed it so it made sense to them
   • Wynn and Logie
     • Asked uni students to recall their first week at uni at 7 times through the year
     • Their description was accurate all year round, unlike Bartlett's theory