Ch.6 Learning

Ch.6 Learning

1. Classical Conditioning

   • Learning a new response after receiving a certain stimuli
   • Acquisition – new behaviour
   • Extinction- eliminating Conditioned stimulus
   • Spontaneous Recovery- Learning the conditioned response quickly again
   • Renewal Effect: response is renewed once in the same environment
   • Stimulus generalization- over generalizing the conditioned response
   • Stimulus Discrimination- 2 people have different conditioned responses to the same stimuli
   • Higher Order Conditioning- pairing a new stimulus with an already conditioned one resulting in the same effect

2. Phobia

   • scared of a object or situation from past exp

3. Conditioning

   • Unconditioned stimulus
     • Occurs without conditioning
   • Unconditioned response
     • Response that happens before training
   • Conditioned stimulus
     • Neutral stimulus that has the power to unleash a conditioned response with training
   • Conditioned Response
     • response induced by conditioned stimulus
   • Evaluative conditioning
     • Liking the stimulus as either positive or negative

4. Operant Conditioning

   • Learning from ones consequences
   • Reinforcement- when the response enforces a behaviour
   • Acquisition- first stage were rewards are given when response is getting closer to being desired
   • Extinction: Response is no longer followed by a reinforcer
   • Resistance to extinction- continuation of response after reinforcer has stopped
   • Primary reinforcers- satisfy basic needs
   • Secondary reinforcers- satisfy wants

5. REINFORCEMENT

   • Ratio = number of responses
   • Inverval = time
   • Fixed = always the same
   • Variable = changes
   • . Ratio Schedules
     • Fixed-Ratio Schedules
       • Number of responses required for reinforcement stays the same
     • Variable-Ratio Schedules
       • number of responses required for reinforcement
   • Interval Schedules
     • Fixed-interval: Reinforcement delivered for first response after certain amount of time
     • Variable-interval: random reinforcement
   • Reinforcement, Positive stenghtens wanted behaviour, Negative weakens unwanted behaviour