NEO-PSYCHOANALYTICAL

NEO-PSYCHOANALYTICAL

1. Karen Horney

   • Rather than sexuality, Personality development is about relationships with others.
   • Focused on neuroticism and the 10 neurotic needs; can be classed into three broad categories (to be wanted, helped, accepted) - moving 1) towards 2) against and 3) away from
   • Social and cultural factors affect personality

2. Alfred Adler

   • Disagreed with Freud
   • Personality DOESN'T consist of competing and conflicting sources.
   • Stressed the importance of INDIVIDUAL psychology (individual differences)
   • Importance of SOCIAL CONTEXT
   • Interested in birth-order

3. JUNG

   • Disagreed with Freud about role of sexuality
   • As well as a personal conscious EGO, we have a COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS -> ARCHETYPES
   • First introduced the concept of INTROVERT and EXTROVERT
   • All of the 'Yin-Yang' concepts (Sensing-Intuition, Extro-Intro)

4. Myers-Briggs

   • Strongly influenced by Jung's ARCHETYPES
   • Developed these ideas further

5. Erik Erikson

   • Personality develops throughout life
   • Shifted emphasis from ID to EGO (i.e: from Biological & Instincts to Conscious & Rational)
   • 8 stages of development - people navigate through life resolving a variety of conflicts (specific to each stage, due to societal expectations)
     • Stage 1; Trust vs Mistrust - 0 to 1 year olds
     • Stage 2; Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Early Childhood
     • Stage 3; Initiative vs Guilt - Preschool years
     • Stage 4; Industry vs Inferiority - 5 to 11 years old
     • Stage 5; Identity vs Confusion - Adolescense
     • Stage 6; Intimacy vs Isolation - Early Adulthood
     • Stage 7; Generativity vs Stagnation - Adulthood
     • Stage 8; Integrity vs Despair - Old Age