Problem- Solving - created from Mind Map

Page 1

Thinking-the representation and processing of information in the mind.

4 steps to solving a problem

Commonalities of problem solving

obstacles to problem solving

how to become a better problem solver

Understand the problem

Generate one or more hypotheses

Testing the hypotheses

check the results

1. initial state - description of unsolved problem ( what is the problem)

2.set of operations or actions to be used to solve the problem

3. Goal state- description of solved problems (where we want to be)

4. solution is not immediately obvious

well-defined- information about all 4 commonalities

ill defined- lack of 1 of the 4 mostly goal state.

ex-cross-world puzzle

ex- improvment of education- no real plan of how to fix it

mental or response set- repeat same procedures that were successful in the past

functional fixedness- tendency to adhere to a single approach in problem solving; might be due to adoption of mental set

divergent thinking= creativity - another way to figure out a problem

convergent thinking- leads to one way of thinking

restructuring or changing the representation of the problem

searching for analogies

working backwards

incubation

setting sub goals

personal- putting one self in the situation

direct- information from one area to another

symbolic- EX developed new car jack

fantasy - ex bubble gum bricks

alxendar graham