Flashcards
Memory
Cards in this deck (28)
- 1Working memory model: Visuospatial sketchpadThe area of working memory that briefly stores the visual and spatial information that is received from sensory memory or LTM
- 2Working memory model: Episodic bufferAn area of working memory that briefly stores a limited amount of information from the phonological loop and information from the visuospatial sketchpad with information retrieved from LTM, and integrates it into a single multidimensional representation or 'episode'
- 3Working memory model: Central executiveAn area of working memory that monitors, coordinates and integrates information received from the phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer and LTM
- 4Levels of processing: Levels of processing modelCraik and Lockhart proposed the theory that after information leaves sensory memory, its storage varies along a continuum of levels of processing ranging from shallow to deep processing; the level of processing used during encoding determines how long and how well information is stored
- 5Working memory model: Phonological loopAn area of working memory that stores a limited number of sounds (speech-based and acoustic) received from the echoic memory and/or LTM for up to 2 seconds unless the information is rehearsed
- 6Working memory model: Phonological storeA subsystem of working memory's phonological loop that holds representaions of sounds for up to 2 seconds; known as the inner ear
- 7Working memory model: Articulatory control systemA subsystem of working memory's phonological loop that holds the sounds we want to keep or are preparing to speak, in their order, for up to 2 seconds, by subvocalising them; known as the inner voice
- 8Multi-store model: Elaborative rehearsalThe rehearsal technique involving linking new information in some meaningful way with information already stored in LTM, or with other pieces of new information, to hold it in STM for longer than the usual 18-20 seconds
- 9Multi-store model: Self-referencingAn elaborative rehearsal technqiue involving linking new information to the self or to personal experience to hold it in STM for longer than the usual 18-20 seconds and to increase its chances of transfer to and retrieval from LTM
- 10Multi-store model: Serial-position effectA pattern of recall for list items, where recall is better for items at the beginning or end of a list than for items in the middle
- 11Multi-store model: Recency effectThe serial-position effect where recall is best for items at the end of a list, then for items at the beginning, then for items in the middle of the list
- 12Multi-store model: Primacy effectThe serial-position effect where recall is best for the first items on a list, then for items at the end, then for items in the middle of the list
- 13Multi-store model: Long-term memoryThe third memory system in the multi-store model of memory; used for relatively permanent storage of an unlimited amount of information
- 14Working memory model: Working memoryAccording to Baddeley and Hitch, an active subsystem of STM that temporarily stores and manipulates a limited amount of information needed to perform cognitive tasks
- 15Multi-store model: Iconic memoryThe subsystem of sensory memory that receives and stores an unlimited amount of visual information in the form of a visual image for approximately 1/3 to 1/2 of a second
- 16Multi-store model: Echoic memoryThe subsystem of sensory memory that receives and stores an unlimited amount of auditory information in the form of an echo for up to 3-4 seconds
- 17Multi-store model: Short-term memoryThe second and most active memory system in the mulit-store model of memory; stores a limited amount of information entering from sensory memory or retrieved from LTM for a short period of time unless the information is rehearsed
- 18Multi-store model: Magic number 7 (+ or - 2)The number of single items of information that the average short-term memory can hold at any one time
- 19MemoryAn active information-processing system that receives, stores, organises and recovers information
- 20Multi-store model: ChunkingGrouping seperate items of information to form a larger single information unit (chunk) so our STM can hold more than the usual seven single items of information at any given moment
- 21Multi-store model: RehearsalThe active manipulation of information in STM in order to hold it for longer than the usual 18-20 seconds
- 22Mulit-store model: Maintenance rehearsalThe rehearsal technique involving the repetition of information a number of times so it can be held in STM for longer than the usual 18-20 seconds
- 23Multi-store model: Sensory registerA subsystem of sensory memory that receives and stores specific sensory information received from a sense organ
- 24Processes of memory: EncodingThe process that converts information into a usable form (code) that can be stored and represented in the memory system
- 25Processes of memory: StorageThe retention of information in the memory system over time
- 26Processes of memory: RetrievalThe process of locating information stored in memory and bringing it into consciousness when needed, to complete a cognitive task
- 27Mutli-store model: Multi-store model of memoryThe memory model proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin that visualises memory as a system consisting of multiple memory stores through which a stream of data flows for processing
- 28Multi-store model: Sensory memoryThe first stage of the multi-store model of memory; it receives and stores an unlimited amount of sensory information for up to a few seconds
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- Flashcards on Memory, created by Grace Rose on 05/06/2013.
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- Grace Rose
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