Flashcards
memory
Cards in this deck (36)
- 1Primacy EffectItems at the beginning and end of a list are most easily recalled
- 2what is episodic memory?specific events
- 3what is semantic memory?facts and knowledge without reference to specific experience
- 4what is evidence for the destinction between semantic and episodic memory?patients with damage to different parts of brain have different types of memory loss
- 5why are flashbulb memories more vivid?rehearsal, most meaningful, emotional memories are rehearsed more
- 6what type of memory is procedural?implicit
- 7what is priming?an implicit type of memory which influences perception and thought usually unconsciously
- 8what is acquisition?memorising/learning, including intentional and unintentional
- 9what is the capacity of working memory?seven plus or minus two chunks of information
- 10what theory suggests we can't perform two tasks that use the same component?working memory model
- 11what is the phonological loop?auditory information, when you rehearse information verbally in your mind
- 12what is the visuospatial sketchpad?visual and spatial information
- 13what is the episodic buffer?uses information stored in LTM to give context to phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad
- 14what is the central executive?it organises information and manages processes, shift attention to important information and inhibits unimportant information
- 15what during acquisition is related to better recall?greater levels of brain activity
- 16what are the two levels of processing?shallow and deep processing
- 17how do levels of processing during acquisition effect recall?deep processing by focusing on meaning makes it easier to recall information
- 18how do using mnemonics aid acquisition?it creates something to connect to their information which may be easier to recall - i.e. using a funny word or mental imagery
- 19what is retrograde amnesia?disruption of memory before the moment of brain injury
- 20what is anterograde amnesia?disruption of memory post moment of brain injury
- 21are old or recent memories more vulnerable to forgetting and what tells us this?recent memories as shown by patterns of retrograde amnesia
- 22when are retrieval cues most effective?when they match the level of processing
- 23what is encoding specificity principle?when memories are most effectively recalled when the context on retrieval is the same as during aquisition (context reinstatement)
- 24how does retrieval correlate with the retention interval?as the retention interval increases retrieval decreases
- 25what can cause more interference?when an incorrect response is associated with the same stimulus as the correct response
- 26what is proactive interference?when old information interferes with the retrieval of more recently learnt information
- 27retroactive interference?more recently learnt information interferes with retrieval of older information
- 28what is the misinformation effect?when an individuals recall of an event becomes less accurate because of pre or post event intrusions.
- 29what is confirmation bias?when you have a belief pre-event which effects how to recall the event.
- 30what is own race bias?when people recall members of their own race more effectively
- 31what is own age bias?when people recall people of a similar age more effectively
- 32what is own gender bias?when people recall others of their own gender more effectively
- 33what can cause schema intrusions?rationalisation, levelling and sharpening - omitting/adding things according to your schema
- 34what is maintenance rehearsal?repeating information in order to aid recall
- 35what is decay?memory deteriorating over time
- 36what does "reconstructive memory" mean?how memories can be interfered with/rewritten because of intrusions, biases, schematic errors, etc.
Information
- Description
- Psychology Concepts and Theory level 1 semester 2 (Cognitive) Flashcards on memory, created by Elle Milne on 15/03/2018.
- Created by
- Elle Milne
- Views
- 0
- Rating