Flashcards
Key topic 3: Elizabethan society in the Age of Exploration, 1558–88 2-2
Cards in this deck (14)
- 1Factors Promoting Exploration: Expanding tradeTrade was expanding quickly in the New World.
English merchants need new trading opportunities as war with Spain and in the Netherlands had severely damaged the wool and cloth trades.
It was vital to find new markets and new products to sell. - 2Factors Promoting Exploration: New technologyNavigation was becoming increasingly more precise. The development of nautical devices, such as quadrants and astrolabes, made voyages safer, direct and faster, leading to more exploration and trade.
- 3Factors Promoting Exploration: ShipShips or galleons had bigger sails, were faster and more maneuverable, as well as possessing the greater firepower to protect themselves from attack by pirates.
They also were more stable and could take on more supplies, encouraging longer voyages and exploration. - 4Drake’s circumnavigation of the globe: AimsTo capture Spanish gold, silver and other treasure, both to make money for himself and to reward countries who had invested in his expedition.
Drake hoped to find new land to claim for the Queen. This would make England more powerful.
To establish new and better trade routes, and find new markets where English merchants could sell their goods overseas. - 5Drake’s circumnavigation of the globe: ShipsDrake's ship was the 80-tonPelican, later renamed the Golden Hind. He said with four other ships. In total, there was a crew of 164 sailors.
- 6The significance of Drake's circumnavigation of the globe?1) English ships began to trade elsewhere: in China, West Africa, and India
2)England's reputation as a seafaring power increased.
3) Declining relations with Spain. - 7The significance of RaleighA nobleman and a courtier, he became an explorer during Elizabeth's reign.
Raleigh did not lead the colonists, but he was significant because he raised funds for the projects and persuaded people to leave England and settle in Virginia. - 8Advantages of establishing a colony in North America:To have a base for attacking Spanish interests in the areas.
To launch raids on the Spanish Wet Indias and annual treasure fleets.
To gain access to rich local resources including minerals. - 9The 1585 VoyageColonists set sail for North American and begin the English colonistaion of virgina
- 10The 1587 VoyageThe new group of colonists arrived in Virginia and establish a colony at Roanoke.
- 11The failure of Virginia: Lack of foodFirst colonies left England too late to reach Virginia in time to plant a crop.
One of five ships let in seawater, ruining the food it was carrying.
Unable to prove for themselves, those participating in the first expedition simply abandoned the colony in 1586. - 12The failure of Virginia: The war with SpainFrom 1585, England was effectively at war with Spain.
The threat from the Armada meant that few ships were available to visit or resupply the colonists.
the colonists were increasingly isolated and vulnerable to attack. - 13The failure of Virginia: Poor leadership.Poor leadership meant that those involved in both expeditions had little direction or purpose.
This may explain the subsequent decision to abandon the first colony in 1586, as well as the fact that the second colony was found in 1590. - 14The significance of the attempted colonisation of Virginia.The colony was a failure but it did serve as a template for future settlements, including that at Jamestown in 1607.
By the end of the 17th century, 13 colonies, each with their own system of government, had been established along the eastern seaboard of the New World.
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- History (Early Elizabethan England ) Flashcards on Key topic 3: Elizabethan society in the Age of Exploration, 1558–88 2-2, created by Soria Sediqi on 31/03/2018.
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