Flashcards
Chapter 1 Vocab Terms
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1Explain the difference between 'Language' and 'Variety'Language: means a unitary system of communication that subsumes a number of mutually intelligible varieties.
Dialect: distinguishable variety used in a particular region by a particular socioeconomic group or an ethnic group - 2Accentsubordinate variety of a language differing principally in phonology (pronunciation)
- 3Style"formal vs. informal"
- 4Registerassociated with occupational groups
- 5Mutual IntelligibilityA situation in which two or more speakers of a language (or of closely related languages) can understand each other.
- 6Example of sociopolitical factors on language-dialect differentiationEthnic conflicts in the Balkans in the 1990's. Before, serbo-croatian was viewed by its speakers as a single language containing several dialects. After, people spoke of "Serbian" and "Croatian" as two separate, distinct languages.
- 7Give two examples of attitudes toward language varieties1. converging to another variety shows "positive attitude". Opposite is true with divergence
2. Hindi-Urdu: going divide between India and Pakistan, differences are becoming more and more magnified - 8SocietyAny group of people who are drawn together for a certain purpose or purposes
- 9Plurilingualmany speakers may use more than one language
- 10Codethe system of communication employed by two or more people when communicating to each other in speech
- 11Internal VariationEach language exists in a number of varieties and is, in one sense, the sum of those varieties
- 12VarietyA set of linguistic items with similar distribution (ex: Canadian English, London English, the English of Football Commentators)
- 13What constitutes a variety?any body of human speech patterns which are sufficiently homogenous to be analyzed
- 14Give an example of Internal VariationOxford English
- 15Hudson and Ferguson agree in defining "Variety" in terms of a specific set of "linguistic items" (sounds, words, grammar, etc.) which we can uniquely associate with some external factor. Give some examples of external factors:Geographic are, regional, social group, ethnic background