Fichas
Bandura
Fichas del conjunto (16)
- 1Bandura: contextobservational learning:
learning behaviour through observation of that behaviour in another individual - 2Aiminvestigate observational learning of aggression.
to see whether children would reproduce aggressive behaviour when the model was no longer present
to look at gender differences in learning of aggression - 3Hypothesis1) p exposed to an aggressive model would be more likely to reproduce similar aggression then those exposed to a non-aggressive model or no model at all
2) p exposed to a non aggressive model would be less aggressive
3) p would imitate aggression modelled by the same sex adult more then that modelled by opposite sex
4) boys would be more inclined then girls to imitate aggression - 4participants72 participants: 36male and 36female
nursery school of Stanford uni
37 months to 69 months - 5IVlab, ind measures
IV:
the behave of the model- aggression or non aggression
the sex of the model
the sex of the children - 6design8 condition, all matched for their aggression levels so no confounding variable, achieved by exp and a nursery teacher independently rating 51 of the children on a scale of 0 to 5. very good agreement between two raters achieved.
- 7conditions1) 12 boys and 12 girls were exposed to an aggressive model, 6 girls and 6 boys saw it modelled by the same sex
2) 12 boys and 12 girls were exposed to a non aggressive model. 6 boys and 6 girls saw non aggressive modelled by same sex model
3) a control group of 12 boys and 12 girls did not see a model display any behaviour - 8Procedurethree stages-
1) modelling the behaviour- each child was brought individually in to the play room and invited to join in a game. this lasted 10 minutes. in the first two conditions there was also an additional adult present in the room.
aggression presented through a bobo doll, kicking hitting it as well as saying aggressive things such as 'kick him' 'pow'
non aggression- assembled toys and did not interact with doll - 92nd stageaggression arousal:
all children taken to different play room with some very attractive toys. after being allowed to play with those for two minutes, the p were told couldn't play with them any more as they were 'the very best' toys and reserved for other children - 103rd stagetesting for delayed imitation
children where then observed playing for the next 20 minutes as the experimenters remained in the room but busied herself with paperwork. two more observers watched through a one way mirror
during the observation, the observers were unaware which condition the child was in. this helped eliminate bias. - 11types of aggression1) imitative aggression- physical and verbal aggression identical to that modelled in stage 1
2) partially imitative aggression- similar behaviour to that carried out by the model
3) non imitative aggression- new aggression acts not demonstrated by the model - 12results:1) children who had witnessed an aggressive model were significantly more aggressive themselves (male nonimitative physcial aggression with male model-36.7 compared to male non imitative physcial aggression, no model- 24.6 )
- 13results2) little difference between non aggression and control group and that in the non aggressive modelling condition (male non imitative aggression, no model- 24.6, non aggressive model- 22.3)
- 14resultsboys were significantly more physically aggressive then girls. girls were more verbally aggressive then boys after observing a female model. (13.7- female imitative verbal aggression, aggressive female model compared to males 4.3)
- 15Resultsboys were significantly more likely to imitate aggressive male models. (male imitative physical aggression, same sex model- 25.4 compared to female model- 12.8)
- 16Conclusions1) witnessing aggression in a model can be enough to produce aggression by an observer
2) children selectively imitate gender-specific behaviour. thus boys are more likely to imitate physical aggression then girls.
Información
- Descripción
- A level Psychology Fichas sobre Bandura , creado por maia haley el 19/01/2018.
- Creado por
- maia haley
- Visitas
- 0
- Valoración
Más sobre Social and observational learning