Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

1. Classical Conditioning

   • Before conditioning
     • 1)Neutral Stimulus (NS)
     • 2) Unconditioned stimulus (UCS) = no effect
     • 3) Unconditioned response (UCR) = fear
   • During conditioning
     • 1) Neutral Stimuli (NS)
     • 2) Unconditioned Stimulus (NCS)
     • 3) Unconditioned Response (UCR)
   • After conditioning
     • 1) Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
     • 2) Conditioned Response (CR)

2. An intense fear of something that prevents 'normal living' in some way

3. Symptoms

   • Feeling anxious
   • Shortness of breath
     • Racing heart
     • Sweating
   • Intense fear

4. Pavlov's dogs

   • 1) US (food) = UR (salivation)
   • 2) NS (bell) = UCR (no salivation)
   • 3) NS (bell) + US (food) = UCR (salivation)
   • 4) CS (bell) = CR (salivation)

5. Little Albert - Watson and Raynor (1920)

   • Each time he was shown a rat, a loud noise was made behind him
     • Conditioned to be phobic of a white rate, which was generalised to other white, fluffy things
     • The noise frightened him and he associated the fear with the rat
   • One trial learning
     • Learning a phobia from a single event

6. Classical Conditioning

   • A learning process in which an association is made between two stimuli by repeated pairings

7. Exinction

   • The loss of a classically conditioned response when the CS is repeated many time without the US
   • Association
     • The link between the NS and the US that make the NS the same response
     • Generalisation
       • When a CR is produced to stimuli that are similar o the CS