Fichas
Developmental
Fichas del conjunto (23)
- 1Meltzoff and Moore- 1977Observed interactional synchrony in infants as young as 2 weeks old. Adult displayed 1 of 3 facial expressions and 1 of 3 gestures and child's response filmed.
- 2Isabella et al- 1989Observed 20 mothers and infants together. Assessed synchrony degree and quality of mother-infant attachment. Found high levels of synchrony associated to better quality mother-infant attachment e.g. Emotional intensity of relationship
- 3Klaus and Kennell- 1976Compared mums (who 3 days after birth)with extended physical contact for several hours and mums who only had contact during feeding. 1 month later- mums with greater physical contact cuddled baby more and made greater eye contact than mums with less contact. Effects still noticeable 1 year later
- 4Crotwell et al- 2013Found that 10 min Parent-Child Interaction Therapy improved interactional synchrony in 20 low-income mothers and their pre-school infants compared to control
- 5Feldman- 2012Synchrony (and reproducity) describe behaviours that occur at the same time
- 6Bowlby- 1969Children may be distressed when a playmate leaves the room, but this does not signify attachment to them
- 7Bowlby (2)- 1969Argues most (or all) babies form attachments to a single caregiver before they can develop multiple attachments
- 8Field- 1978Filmed 4-month old babies. Found primary caregiver fathers, like mothers, spent more time smiling, imitating and holding infants than secondary caregiver fathers
- 9Grossman- 2002Longitudinal study into parents' behaviour and it's relationship to quality of children's attachments into their teens. Found quality of attachment within father less important in teen attachment type than quality of attachment with the mother
- 10Pederson- 1979Points out that most studies focus on female single mothers from poor social-economic background so maybe social factors related to poverty that produce these outcomes not absence of fathers
- 11Grossman- 2002 (2)Found fathers as secondary attachment figures had important and distinct role in their children's development involving play and stimulation
- 12Guiton- 1966Found that chicks imprinted on yellow washing up gloves would try to mate with them as adults
- 13Howe- 1998Had helped social workers understand risk factors in child abuse and so intervene to prevent it
- 14Sackett- 2002Harlow's research was unjustifiably unethical that American animal liberation movement was born out of it
- 15Schaffer and Emerson- 1964Found that most babies folie attach to 1 person 1st but a significant minority formed multiple attachments at the same time
- 16Brazleton et al- 1975Instructed primary attachment figure to ignore their babies' social releasers. Babies (who were previously shown to be normally responsive) initially showed some distress but eventually some curled up and lay motionless
- 17Bailey et al- 2007Studied 99 mothers. Those with poor attachment to own parents were more likely to have 1 year olds who were poorly attached
- 18Kagan- 1982Suggests that temperament (child's genetically influenced personality) is more important influence on behaviour in strange situation
- 19Schaffer and Emerson- 1964 (2)Showed that for many babies a primary attachment was not the person who fed them
- 20Hay and Vespo- 1988Suggests that parents teach children to love by modelling attachment behaviours e.g. Hugging other family members and also by rewarding them with approval when they display their own attachment behaviours e.g. That's a lovely smile
- 21Main and Solomon- 1986Pointed out that one children display atypical attachments which do not fit types A, B, C. This is disorganised attachment- mix of avoidant and resistant behaviour
- 22Takahashi- 1990Japanese mothers rarely separated from their infants so infants show high levels of separation anxiety (may not cause problems in attachment or development in the future)
- 23Bick et al- 2012Found 94% agreement in 1 teams (watching the same children)