Flashcards
Intelligence Measurement - Thought and Language
Cards in this deck (19)
- 1IntelligenceInvolves 4 Factors:
Engage in abstract thinking
Reason
Plan & Solve Problems
Adapt to environment - Learn from experience - 2ReasonTo work things out, or to find a logical sequence.
- 3Planning and SolvingUsing mental strategies to arrive at solutions
- 4Abstract ThinkingBeing able to think about things away from the here and now, or think outside of concrete things.
- 5Morton's Theory of IntelligenceThe size of your cranial capacity indicates your intelligence levels. European's were more intelligent than native Americans as they had greater cranial capacities - he ignored small skulls in his measurements.
- 6Morton's WorkInvolved collecting skulls, and filling them with seeds. The weight/volume capacity of the skull could then be determined by the amount of seeds.
- 7Broca's Theory of IntelligenceThe weight of the brain is related to the level of intelligence, where heavier brains signify greater intelligence.
- 8Broca's WorkInvolved the use of cadavers to weight brains, and correcting measurements to incorporate body size. This explained why germans who were considered less intelligent could have heavier brains than the french.
- 9Relationship between intelligence and brain sizeCorrelation between brain size and intelligence is .33, although this correlation is higher for females than males, and higher for adults than children.
A VERY ROUGH GUIDE - 10Part of the efficiency of the brain is said to relate to:The thickness of the cortex at later stage development, where children who initially showed thin cortices at a young age, showed larger, thicker cortices at a later stage. It is thought this allows them more time to develop high level cognitive circuits.
- 11Galton's Theory of IntelligenceIntelligence is hereditary, and your intelligence and position in society were related, and a product of evolution. Galton coined the term 'Eugenics'.
- 12Galton's WorkFirst to make systematic attempts to measure intelligence to discover 'what the fundamental building blocks of intelligence were'. Developed intelligence tests based around performance on a series of tasks to see the correlation between social class, and how intelligent a person is perceived to be and how intelligent they truly are.
- 13Galton's Building BlocksAbility to perceive something
Quickness to respond
Physical Strength - explained how men were more intelligent than women - 14Galton's Findings and RThere was no relationship between intelligence and social class. Developed the R statistic - positive correlation - as one goes up the other goes up - negative correlation - as one goes up the other must go down - 0 = no relationship 1= direct relationship -1 = inverse relationship. Correlation does not imply causation.
- 15Alfred Binet's Theory of IntelligenceIntelligence is related to your performance on a series of complex or higher order tasks, and was a general underlying ability, not just a result of schooling, or a result of fundamental sensory information like Galton thought.
- 16Binet's WorkDeveloped intelligence tests to measure school success. Tasks involved the use of multiple skills and areas of the brain e.g copying a drawing accurately vs repeating a series of number vs comprehension. Didn't start out with a clear idea of what intelligence was, he instead conducted a series of tasks and correlated them to school success, disregarding tasks that measured things not relevant to school success e.g strength. From this he developed intelligence tests.
- 17Terman's Theory of IntelligenceDeveloped an intelligence quotient. Intelligence could be measured through IQ statistics, and these could be calculated by dividing a person's mental age by their chronological age and multiplying by 100. This was useful for testing large groups of people.
- 18Problems with Terman's CalculationAs you got older (your chronological age value increased) your IQ showed decline, where you may have had an IQ of 100 at age 20, you would have an IQ of 50 at age 40. Therefore the formula was not reliable.
- 19Contempory IQ testsAverage IQ is measured to be around 100 where 2/3 of people sit in a range between 85-115. Standard scores are related to verbal comprehension index, working memory index, performance based tasks, perceptual organisation index, and processing speed index.
Information
- Description
- 112 Psychology Flashcards on Intelligence Measurement - Thought and Language, created by Bex Chrystall on 20/09/2017.
- Created by
- Bex Chrystall
- Views
- 0
- Rating