Flashcards
Operant Conditioning
Cards in this deck (34)
- 1+ ReinforcementSomething that is added to the environment to increase behaviour e.g drinking coffee makes you feel more awake therefore u drink coffee every morning
- 2+ PunishmentSomething UNPLEASANT that is ADDED to the environment that causes behaviour to decrease in frequency. e.g. bullying in the workplace after you've done something wrong
- 3Examples of reinforcersTones or lights to signal availability of opportunity for reward of pending punishment
- 4- punishmentSomething is removed from the environment to decrease the behaviour (losing something we value)
- 5Other names for Negative PunishmentResponse Cost
Omission Training
Teaching them to inhibit it or omit it
Implement DRO to reduce behaviour - 6- reinforcementAvoidance learning - procastination
Something is removed from the environment to cause the behaviour to increase in frequency e.g. if u are stressed about an assignment . - 7Emotions of those reiforcmenets+ R - happyiness
+ Punishment - Fear
- punish = anger
- reinforcement = relief - 8Continuous Schedules?Behaviour is followed by a consequence each time it occurs.
This schedule is the best for punishment and timeout
GREAT FOR STARTING NEW BEHAVIOUR until you stop reinforcing - 9Thinning Intermittent Reinforcement (not doin it every time)Either increase response ratio
or use a time interval
e.g. a traffic light with a timer to tell u when u can stop walkin g - 10Fixed Ratio ScheduleResistance to Extinction: Low
Can have ratio strain leading to avoidance, aggression . Closer they get to their target the harder they go
e.g. coffee cards - 11Why do they go harder closer to it?Goal gradient Hypothesis -
- 12Variable - Ratio ScheduleResistance to extinction - high
Pokies machines
Response rate : fast
Work hard - 13Fixed interval ScheduleResistance to extinction : lowest
e.g. button pressing on a traffic light
Fixed amount of time after every time
Response : scallloped
Behaviour: high before reinforcement but long pause after - 14Variable Interval Schedulee.g. petrol prices
resistance to exitinction high
Response rate: slow - 15Look at the graph in slides u gotra
- 164 ways that incorporate reinforcement to address and treat disruptive reinfrocementIncompatible
Alternative
Other
Low - if u dont want to fully extinguish a behaviour - 17Contrast EffectsShifting the value of the reward mid stream. Think of gourmet cat food e.g
- 18Gradient of delay How long is ok ?delaying the reward will decrease the contiguity between the response and outcome.
30 seconds rat can learn the association - 19Speed of reward?Addiction --) doapmine --)
- 20Response Reinfrocer ContingencyRF must be the result of some R the better it is the quicker the conditioning
Think of baby example - 21When a tone is added what happens?The effects of delay were offset by the tone ..
- 22Primary reinforcementReinforced without previous training - biological stuff food, water , sex
- 23Conditioned reinfrocertone , clicker , token happens from when u pair events that have been associated with rewarding experinces
e.g. tokens - monkey
money - get u food water and sex - 24Clicker TrainingSound the same no matter how you feel
Split second timing is possible so you can link the dogs behaviour to the food - 25Covert Reinforceers?Giving you a slap on the back for stickin to your self control
- 26Activity reinforcementsPremack principle - using stuff you'd be keen on as reinfrocements e.g. playing games insteaed of studying
- 27What affects the stre of secondary reifonrcements?Magnitude of primary reinfrocer
Number of pairings
Time btw the secondary and primary - 28What are the functions of CRtelling them it has done the right thing
telling them what to do next
Bridge the periOD - 29Token EconomiesUsed for psychotic people
They earn tokens that can be used for food etc. Helped reinforce desirable behaviours - 30Premacks theory of punihsmentIf u are bad
then u have to do chours - 31Charlop , Kurtz Casey findingsTaking their perservator behaviours to increase a task relevant behaviour
- 32ChainingReinforcing individual response occuring in a sequence to form a complex behaviour. Each stimulus serves as a reinfrocer for the next step
- 33Two main techniquesForward Chianing - behaviour is taught naturally occuring order.
Backward chaining - learner performs final behaviour first .
Both more successful than whole task learning - 34third method is ?Total task method - individual is taught all of the steps of a response chain at once .
(ALL FOR A SINGLE PIECE OF FOOD)
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- Flashcards on Operant Conditioning , created by Pratik Mehta on 14/10/2017.
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- Pratik Mehta
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