Flashcards
A03 Short and long term memory
Cards in this deck (8)
- 1Why is it questionable whether Baddeley actually tested LTM?Baddeley tested STM by asking participants to recall a word list immediately after hearing it. LTM was tested by waiting 20 minutes.
- 2What evidence is there which suggests LTM may not be exclusively semantic?Frost (1972) showed that long-term recall was related to visual as well as semantic categories, and Nelson and Rothbart (1972) found evidence of acoustic coding in LTM. Therefore, it appears coding varies and depends on the circumstance.
- 3What evidence is there which suggests STM may not be exclusively acoustic?Brandimote et al. (1992) found that participants used visual coding in STM if they were given a visual task and were prevented from doing any verbal rehearsal in the retention interval before performing a visual recall test.
- 4What evidence is there which suggests the size of the chunk matters?Simon (1974) found that people had a shorter memory span for larger chunks, such as 8-word phrases, than smaller chunks, such as 1-syllable words.
- 5What did Cowan (2001) conclude about the capacity of STM after reviewing a variety of studies?Cowan (2001) concluded that STM is likely to be limited to 4 chunks. Research on the capacity of STM for visual information found that 4 items was the limit (Vogel et al, 2001).
- 6Jacob suggested many factors, such as age, alters an individuals STM capacity. What evidence did he have to support this?Recall increased steadily with age; 8 year olds could remember 6.6 digits whereas 19 year olds could remember 8.6 digits. This age increase might be due to a increase in brain capacity, and/or it may be that people develop strategies to improve their digit span.
- 7Was Lloyd and Margaret Peterson's (1959) study of testing the duration of STM artificial?Yes, remembering consonant syllables doesn't truly reflect most everyday memory activities. However, we do sometimes remember fairly meaningful things, such as groups of numbers (phone numbers) or letters (post codes), so it does have some relevance to everyday life.
- 8What evidence suggest's that Petersons' study was due to displacement rather than decay?Reitman (1974) used auditory tones instead of numbers so that displacement wouldn't occur and found that the duration of STM was longer. Nairne et al. (1999) found that items could be recalled after 96 seconds.
Information
- Description
- A level Psychology (Memory) Flashcards on A03 Short and long term memory, created by Jade Ellison on 24/10/2017.
- Created by
- Jade Ellison
- Views
- 0
- Rating