Flashcards
The psychodynamic approach
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- 1What is the psychodynamic approach?The psychodynamic dynamic approach is an approach that emphases systematic study of the psychological forces that underlie human behaviour, feelings and emotions, and how they might relate to early experience
- 2Who's work is the psychodynamic approach closely associated with?Sigmund Freud
- 3What did Freud refer to our conscious mind as?The tip of an iceberg, as he believed the majority of our mind was made up of the unconscious.
- 4What is the conscious mind?This is the part of the mind that we are aware of
- 5What is the unconscious mind?The unconscious mind is a vast storehouse of biological drives and instincts that has a significant influence on our behaviour and personality. The unconscious mind also contains threatening and disturbing memories that have been repressed, or locked away and forgotten
- 6What is the precocious mind?The precocious includes thoughts and ideas which we may become aware of during dreams of through 'slips of the tongue' (what Freud refers to as paraphrases)
We aren't quite aware of these thought processes as they are just below the surface - 7What is an example of paraphrases?Accidentally calling a teacher "Mum" instead of 'Miss"
- 8What did Freud describe "personality" as?Freud described personality as "tripartite", which was composed of three parts
- 9What were the three components of tripartite?- The Id
- The ego
-The superego - 10What is the id?- The id is the primitive part of our personality
-It operates on the pleasure principle- the id gets what it wants. it is a seething mass of unconscious drives and instincts
-Only the id is present a birth ( Freud described babies as being "bundles of id". Throughout life the id is entirely selfish and demands instant gratification of its needs. - 11What is the ego part of our personality/ tripartite?- The ego works on the reality principle and is the mediator between the other two parts of the personality (the Id and the superego)
-The ego develops around the age of 2 years and its role is to reduce conflict between the demands of the Id and the superego
-The ego principle manages this by employing a number of defence mechanisms. - 12What is the superego component of our tripartite?The superego is formed at the end of the phallic stage, around the age of 5.
-It is our internalised sense of right and wrong - 13How many psychosexual stages were there?Freud said that there were 5 psychosexual stages
- 14What are the 5 psychosexual stages?-- ORAL
-ANAL
-PHALLIC
-LATENCY
-GENITAL
(OAPLG) - 15What is the ORAL stage? (0-1 years)The ORAL stage within the psychosexual stages are where the child focusses its pleasure within it's mouth, the mothers breast is the object of desire
- 16Describe the ANAL stage (1-3 years)- Focus of pleasure in the anus. Child gains pleasure from withholding and expelling faeces
- 17What is the PHALLC stage?- The phallic stage is where the focus of pleasure is in the genital area. Child experiences the Oedipus or Electra complex.
- 18What happens in the LATENCY stage?Earlier conflicts are repressed
- 19What occurs in the last stage (the GENITAL stage)Sexual desires become conscious alongside the onset of puberty
- 20What are the consequences of unresolved ORAL conflict?- Smoking
-Biting nails
-Sarcastic
-Critical - 21What consequences are there of unresolved ANAL conflict?Anal retentive:
-Perfectionist
-Obsessive
Anal expulsive:
-Thoughtless
-Messy - 22What consequence's are there of unresolved PHALLIC conflict?Phallic personality:
-Narcissistic, reckless, possibly homosexual - 23What consequence's are there of unresolved GENITIAL conflict?Difficulty forming heterosexual relationships
- 24What are three types of defence mechanisms in the psychodynamic approach?- Repression
-Denial
-Displacement - 25What is REPRESSION?REPRESSION is foring a distressing memory out of the conscious mind
- 26What is DENIAL?DENIAL is refusing to acknowledge some aspect of realty
- 27What is DISPLACEMENT?DISPLACEMENT is transferring feelings from true source of distressing emotion into a substitute target
- 28Turning up to work even though you have been sacked would be an example of which defence mechanism?DENIAL
- 29An individual forgetting the trauma of their favourite pet dying would be an example of?REPRESSION
- 30Slamming the door after a row with your girlfriend would be?DISPLACEMENT
- 31KEY TERMS AND OVERVIEW OF THE PSYCHODYNAMIC BASIC'SPsychodynamic approach- A representive that describes the different forces (dynamics), most of which are unconscious, that operate on the mind and direct human behaviour and experience
The unconscious- The part of the mind the we are unaware of but which continues to direct much of our behaviour
Id- Entirely unconscious, the id is made up
of selfish aggressive insincts that demand immediate gratification
Ego- The 'reality check' that balances the conflicting demands of the id and the superego
Superego- `The moralistic part of our personality which represents the ideal self: how we ought to be
Defence mechanisms- unconscious strategies that the ego uses to manage the Id and the superego
Psychosexual stages- according to Freud, five development stages that all children pass through. At most stages there is a specific conflict, the outcome of which determines future development. - 32Explanatory power evaluation-Alhough Freud's theory is controversial in many ways, he has had a huge influence on psychology and Western contemporary thought. Alongside behaviourism, the psychodynamic approach remained the dominant force
- 33—
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- A level Psychology (Approaches ) Flashcards on The psychodynamic approach, created by Chloe Lewis on 17/12/2017.
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- Chloe Lewis
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