Flashcards
RDA2- Recap
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1What are the measures of Descriptive Statistics?- Mean
-Median
-Mode
-Range
-Variance
-Standard Deviation
-Standard Error - 2What is Variance?The standard deviation, yet is not the square root of each score
- 3What is Standard Deviation?How much most score varies from the mean. Square each score variation from the mean so they can be added, and divided by how many there are (average squared deviations from the mean). Useful as it SHOWS SPREAD OF SCORES.
- 4What is Standard Error?The term which measures the accuracy with which a sample represents a population. If a sample mean deviates from the actual mean of population, it is a standard error.
- 5What are the inferential Statistics?-Independent t-test
-Paired Samples t-test
-Chi Sqaure
-Mann Witney
-Wilcoxon
-One way Anova
-Correlation
-Regression - 6What are tests for Assumptions?-Normality
-Skewness
-Kurtosis
-Equal Variance
-Interval/Ratio Data - 7What are tests for Significance?-Probability
-p values (significance value)
-p<0.05
-Type 1 error
-Type 2 error - 8What is Type 1 error?Error made in a significance test when researcher rejects null hypothesis that is actually true
- 9What is a Type 2 error?The error that occurs when one accepts the null hypothesis that is actually false, rejecting the alternative hypothesis despite the dv not occurring by chance
- 10What are examples of quantitative design?-Descriptive orientation (observation, naturalistic, field, no control)
-Relational orientation (cor-relational, association, non-intervention, statistical control)
-Experimental Orientation (control and manipulation) - 11What is mean?A measure of central tendency which looks for arithmetic AVERAGE of score (adding scores and dividing by number of scores)
- 12What does the mean not measure?Misses how much VARIATION there is in the scores (not representative)
- 13What 'shape' is a normal distribution?Bell shape= 68% people in middle
- 14What is parametric data?Data that conforms to certain assumptions: interval (normally distributed). Once these features are met, certain statistical tests can be used.
- 15What are the three types of data?-Interval (categorising based on numbers)
-Ordinal (categorising based on their order e.g. first, second, third)
-Nominal (Categorising data based on names (male, female) - 16What is Skewness?The distribution of scores does not create a bell shape (not symmetrical around the mean)
- 17What are Z-scores?Used in statistical testing, comparing the average scores (mean) and amount of variation! Finding how far scores are from the variance. Score of where an individual lies in comparison to other people (accurate info on how far someone is from normal data)
- 1895% confidence intervalUsed to find whether the results of a test are not due to chance, but rather due to variables within the study. Estimation of where we think the population mean will be. The smaller the confidence interval, the more accurate!