Flashcards
RDA2- Research Design Issues
Cards in this deck (12)
- 1What is a way of studying using the three different quantitative designs?Multi-method approach
(methodological pluralism, theoretical ecumenism: Rosenthal & Rosnow, 2008) - 2What is empirical reasoning?Not just one scientific method, more of a scientific approach- that enlists empirical reasoning
- 3Why do scientists use 'deduction'?To test a hypothesis (take a theory and deduce it will happen in a situation)
- 4Why do scientists use 'induction'?To generate a hypothesis (because this happened I would expect this to happen in different situations)
- 5What is a statistical hypothesis?Taking the research hypothesis and formulating it in terms of data with numerical properties (e.g. the mean level of well-being will be higher in those who exercise than who don't)
- 6If you have not achieved a statistically significant result, you should?Fail to reject the null
- 7What does the P-value mean?Tells you the probability of achieving an effect of that size, if the null hypothesis is true
- 8What are conditions of causality?(David Hume, 1711-1776, Scottish philosopher)
We have to settle for the best available evidence
1. Mutual relationship (covariation)
2. Temporal precedence
3. Rival explanations ruled out - 9What is the Logic of Experiments?1. Method of agreement (if X, then Y) EXPERIMENTAL GROUP
2. Method of difference (if not X, then not Y) CONTROL GROUP
(John Stuart Mills) - 10What is Internal Validity?Can we be sure the effect is due to the variables we manipulated? Are instruments valid? Has this had an effect? Etc.
- 11What is external validity?Is it ecologically valid? Can we generalise the participants?
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