Flashcards
Eyewitness testimony: the cognitive interview
Cards in this deck (7)
- 1Cognitive interview (CI)Method of interviewing eyewitnesses to help them retrieve more accurate memories
> uses four main techniques based on psychological knowledge of human memory - report everything, reinstate the context, reverse the order and change perspective - 2who and why recommended the cognitive interviewFisher & Geiselman (1992) claim that EWT could be improved if the police used techniques based on psychological insights into how memory works
- 3Name the 4 techniques used in the cognitive interviewReport everything, reinstate the context, reverse the order and change perspective
- 4describe the four techniques of the cognitive interview: > report everything > reinstate the context > revere the order > change perspective- include every detail of an event as minor details may trigger other memories
- witness returns to the original crime scene in the mind as cues may trigger recall
- events are recalled in a different chronological order, prevents using their expectations of how event must have happened and prevents dishonesty (harder to lie reversed)
- witnesses recall the incident from other people's perspective, prevents influence of expectations - 5enhanced cognitive interviewFisher et al 1987 developed additional elements of the CI
- focus on the social dynamics of the interaction
- reducing eyewitness anxiety, minimising distractions, getting the witness to speak slowly and asking open ended questions - 6name two strengths of the CI elements-Milne and Bull 2002 found that each individual element was equally valuable
- combination of report everything and context reinstatement produced better recall so these elements should improve police interviewing
- practical benefits from the enhanced cognitive interview as it provides more correct information than the standard interview used by police - 7two limitations of the cognitive interview- it is time consuming as more time is needed to establish report with the witness, requires special training > police not impressed as they have not used the proper version
- research may be unreliable because of variations of the CI
> different researches use variations on the CI or enhanced CI and police forces enhance their own methods
- difficult to draw conclusions about the CI in general
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- A level Psychology (Memory ) Flashcards on Eyewitness testimony: the cognitive interview, created by jane tony on 31/05/2018.
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- jane tony
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