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Flashcards

Midterm

Heather Edmonson Echocardiography English 100 cards

Cards in this deck (100)

  1. 1When a patient with HCM performs Valsalva maneuver, it will INCREASE/DECREASE systolic anterior motion of MVincrease
  2. 2M-mode findings in a patient with IHSS include:asymmetric septal hypertrophy, systolic anterior motion of MV, mid systolic closure of AV
  3. 3biatrial enlargement is seen with what CMODCM and RCM
  4. 4dyspnea, edema, fatigue, CHF are symptoms of what cardiomyopathy?dilated
  5. 5patients with chagas disease can develop what cardiomyopathy?dilated
  6. 6Increased EPSS is seen in what CMODilated
  7. 7sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, hemochromatosis, and radiation therapy are etiologies of what CMOrestrictive
  8. 8subaortic turbulence by color flow, late peaking systolic spectral trace, diastolic dysfunction, and outflow gradient increases with valsalva maneuver are evidence are what CMOHOCM
  9. 9diffusely reduced ventricular contractility, dilated atrial and ventricular cavities, and low doppler velocity in the LVOT are common echo findings of what CMOdilated
  10. 10a systolic, high velocity, late peaking jet is seen with what CMOhypertrophic
  11. 11another term for a systolic, high velocity, late peaking jet is ____dagger shaped
  12. 12What type of cardiomyopathy might you see in a patient with AIDS?Dilated
  13. 13Using echo for examination of CAD is beneficial because:offers a good global and regional assessment
    inexpensive and noninvasive approach
  14. 14The apex of the LV can be supplied by which arteriesLAD, PDA, RCA
  15. 15possible causes of IHDatherosclerosis, coronary artery spasm, embolus, bongenital coronary anomalies
  16. 16A patient with anterior and apical kinesis should expect blockage in what vessel?LAD
  17. 17A patient with inferior wall kinesis should expect blockage of what vessel?RCA, PDA
  18. 18A patient with LV lateral wall hypokinesis should expect blockage of what vessel?Circumflex
  19. 19Ischemia vs infarct We can assume the following regarding an ischemic event-narrowing of the arteries results in an O2 imbalance
    -reversible damage
    -results in resting or stress induces abnormal wall motion
  20. 20Common complications with an MIpericardial effusion, LV aneurysm, mural thrombi, ruptured myocardium
  21. 21High blood pressure140/90
  22. 22If a patient is referred for a new diagnosis of systemic hypertension we can expect to find:LVH, diastolic dysfunction, prolonged DT
  23. 23HTN can lead to the following complications:atherosclerosis, stroke, aortic dissection, and CHF
  24. 24Primary pulmonary HTN can lead to:RVH, RVVO, flattened IVS with paradoxical septal motion
  25. 25a double diamond appearance of MV, increased EPSS, and immobile aortic root walls are evidence of what CMO?dilated
  26. 26Which coronary arteries branch of the left main?Left circumflex and left anterior descending
  27. 27etiologies including viral, metabolic, permpartum, and infectious are seen with what CMO?Dilated
  28. 28E to A ratio less than one is considered:abnormal
  29. 29E to A ratio of 1-2 is:normal
  30. 30E to A ratio greater than two is:restrictive (diastolic dysfunction)
  31. 31The narrowest part when measuring for MR is the:vena contracta
  32. 32The bubble measured for MR is the:MR radius
  33. 33IHSS = ____ + _____ASH , SAM
  34. 34signs and symptoms of an RV volume overload-RV enlargement
    -Paradoxical septal motion
    -TR
    -RVH
    -RAE
    -decreased/absent A-dip in pulmonic valve
  35. 35initial response of atria during valvular stenosis:enlargement
  36. 36initial response of ventricle to pulmonic/aortic stenosis:thickening of walls
  37. 37What valve is most commonly affected by Rheumatic fever?Mitral
  38. 38What valve is least affected by Rheumatic fever?pulmonic
  39. 39Orthopnea, fatigue, thrombus, dysrhythmias, and pulmonary edema are complications with ____Mitral Regurgitation
  40. 40Flattened A wave and flying W can be seen with ____severe mitral regurge with pulmonary hypertension when doing m-mode of pulmonic valve
  41. 41three causes for aortic stenosiscongenital, degenerative, and rheumatic fever
  42. 42Continuity EquationLVOT^2 * .785 * LVOT-PW
    _________________
    VTI-CW
  43. 43Measurements taken with known aortic stenosis:LV size and function, max and mean PG, aortic valve area, peak velocity, wall thickness
  44. 44congenital anomalies, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery spasms are potential causes for an ______ischemic heart event
  45. 45Post MI and a heart murmur, one should pay attention to:wall motion abnormalities, multiple views, IVS
  46. 46excess fluid caused by pericardial effusion is know as _______Dressler's syndrome
  47. 47determining MV area by continuity equation you should substitute _____ for _____AV for MV
  48. 48Severe AI can see flow reversal in _____abdominal aorta
  49. 49MS murmurdiastolic rumble with an opening snap
  50. 50MR murmurholosystolic murmur that radiates to the axilla
  51. 51MVP MurmurMid-systolic click with/without a systolic murmur
  52. 52AS MurmurSystolic crescendo decrescendo murmur
  53. 53AI murmurHigh pitched, blowing diastolic decrescendo murmur at left sternal border
  54. 54TS MurmurDiastolic rumble that varies with respiration and has an opening snap
  55. 55TR MurmurHolosystolic murmur that increases with respiration
  56. 56PS MurmurHarsh systolic ejection murmur
  57. 57PI Murmurlow pitched diastolic murmur that may increase with inspiration
  58. 58Normal MVA4-6 cm^2
  59. 59Severe MVAless than 1 cm^2
  60. 60Normal P1/2T30 - 60 msec
  61. 61Severe P1/2T> = 220 msec
  62. 62Normal AVA> 2 cm^2
  63. 63Severe AVA< .70 cm^2
  64. 64Severe peak velocity for AS> 4 m/sec
  65. 65Severe Max PG for AS> 64 mmHg
  66. 66Severe Mean PG for AS> 50 mmHg
  67. 67Normal TVA7-9 cm^2
  68. 68Severe TVA< 2.0 cm^2
  69. 69Max PG in PS> 64 mmHg
  70. 70abnormal diastolic function CMODCM, HCM, RCM
  71. 71LVH CMOHCM, RCM
  72. 72Genetic cardiomyopathy CMOHCM
  73. 73Biatrial enlargement CMODCM, RCM
  74. 74Caused by alcoholism and drugs CMODCM
  75. 75Normal ventricular function CMOHCM, RCM
  76. 76Most common CMODCM
  77. 77Late peaking systolic wave form CMOHCM
  78. 78Can result in venous congestionDCM, RCM
  79. 79Normal left ventricular size CMOHCM, RCM
  80. 80peri-partum or post-partum CMODCM
  81. 81asymmetrical hypertrophyHCM
  82. 82Caused from 'osis family CMORCM
  83. 83If we had a peak velocity of 5m/s, what would be the peak gradient?100 mmHg
    4(v)^2 = 4(5)^2
  84. 84hockey stick appearance during mitral stenosis is due to DIASTOLIC/SYSTOLIC doming?diastolic
  85. 85MS has DECREASED/INCREASED E to F slope on m-modeDecreased
  86. 86MS has DECREASED/INCREASED A wave on M-modedecreased
  87. 87Long standing MS can show ____hypertensionpulmonary
  88. 88What two doppler calculations need to be obtained in MS?VTI of mitral inflow
    P1/2T
  89. 89three causes of mitral stenosis?congenital
    MAC-mitral annular calcification
    rheumatic fever
  90. 90left atrial thrombus, infective endocarditis, and decreased cardiac output are complications with ____mitral stenosis
  91. 91echo findings of dilated PA, paradoxical septal motion, septal hypertrophy, and RVH are seen with _____Pulmonary HTN
  92. 92potential echo findings of patients with AS-two cusps, football shaped opening
    -thickened, calcified cusps
    -systolic and diastolic doming of cusps
    -left ventricular hypertrophy
  93. 93With severe aortic insufficiency, one might detect premature closure of the mitral valve and premature opening of the aortic valve T/FTRUE
  94. 94Systolic flutter of the aortic valve cusps may be detected in severe cases of AS and diastolic flutter of the aortic valve may be detected in cases of AI T/FFALSE
    absence of systolic fluter is noted in AS
  95. 95An AI P1/2T that is less than 200 msec is severe T/FTRUE
  96. 96According to the pressure gradient method, severe aortic stenosis is a mean PG <40 mmHg T/FFALSE
    > 64 mmHg
  97. 97RVH and RAE may be present with PS, in later stages a patient may develop right ventricular failure T/FTRUE
  98. 983 required measurements for the continuity equationLVOT diameter
    LVOT VTI
    AV VTI
  99. 99an eccentric closure line can be evidence of _____bicuspid valve
  100. 100leaflet thickening, systolic doming, RV failure, and post stenotic dilation of PA are findings of ____Pulmonic Stenosis

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Echocardiography Flashcards on Midterm , created by Heather Edmonson on 24/09/2018.
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