Flashcards
GLOSSARY
Cards in this deck (34)
- 1ISLAMThe religion that preaches Allah is the one true god. In Arabic, the word ‘islam’ means ‘to surrender’. Islam asks that followers submit or surrender to the will of Allah
- 2MUSLIMOne who surrenders to Allah / Adherent of Islam
- 3ALLAHMuslim word used to refer to the one true god
- 4Qur'anIslam’s most sacred text containing the actual words of Allah, conveyed via Muhammad.
Believed to be Islam’s only miracle - 5Sunnah/SunanThe verbally transmitted record of the teachings, deeds and sayings, silent permissions (or disapprovals) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Made up of many hadith.
- 6HadithAn individual narrated report is called a hadith.
- 7SuraThe Qur’an is arranged into 114 Suras, or chapters. Suras generally arranged from the longest to the shortest.
- 8TawhidMeaning the ‘oneness of God’ The Islamic concept of monotheism in Islam, the religion most fundamental concept.
- 9ShahadaThe basic, and most important Islamic profession of faith, “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is his messenger”(or similiar). One of the 5 Pillars of Islam.
- 10RusulProphet (which means ‘messenger’)
- 11ClanCollection of families. First loyalty is to the family.
- 12TribeCollection of clans. For example, both Muhammad and Khadijah belonged to the
Quraysh tribe, but different clans (families) within that tribe. - 13MeccaThe most sacred Islamic city. Location of the Ka’ba.
- 14Ka'ba(In Arabic means ‘cube’).The holiest place in Islam. A large cube-shaped building inside
the al-Masjid al-Haram mosque in Mecca. - 15UmmaAn Arabic word meaning "community". Is used in the Qur’an to refer to the community of
Muslims all over the word - 16Hajj(literally means ‘to set out for a place’). An annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the most holy city of the Muslims, and a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially
capable of undertaking the journey - 17IhramA sacred state which a Muslim must enter in order to perform the major pilgrimage (Hajj)
or the minor pilgrimage (Umrah). Involves changing into white robes. Every male, regardless of race, gender, wealth, is dressed similarly (Two simple white garments). It is a reminder to be humble, and to be satisfied with a life free from distraction of possessions and earthly worries. - 18MiqatMiqats are the points at which pilgrims on the Hajj put on ihrām, the pilgrim's garment made up of white cloth
- 19SalatDaily prayer. Muslims must pray 5 times a day (dawn to sunrise; from noon to mid-afternoon; from mid-afternoon to sunset; from sunset to an hour or so after. To pray, a Muslim must face towards Mecca (especially the Ka’ba). Purpose: to demonstrate submission to the will of Allah & maintain a connection to God
- 20SawmFor 1 month per year (Ramadan) , all Muslims (excluding women who are menstruating, breastfeeding, or pregnant, as well as very young, old, sick and travelers on long journeys) must not eat, drink or have sex between dawn & sunset. Holiest month of year.Qur’an expected to be read at night.
- 21SalamAn Arabic word that literally means "peace”. Also used as a general greeting
- 22TawafA circuit of the Ka’ba
- 23WuduRitual washing to be performed in preparation for prayer and worship.
- 24sa'yPilgrims perform the sa’y (mimicking Hagar’s frantic search for water for her son Ishmael after both were left to live in the desert on their own) and move quickly between the hills of Safa and Marwah. Pilgrims collect water from the well of Zamzam.
- 25wuqufPilgrims stand, wuquf, before God, facing the Mount of Mercy, on the Plain of Arafat and pray from noon till sunset. Here the deepest prayers are said. It is the central point of the Hajj, and if missed, invalidates the Hajj.
- 26JamrasLarge stone pillars on the Plains of Mina representing the devil.Large stone pillars on the Plains of Mina representing the devil.
- 27NahrThis is a ritual sacrifice of an animal.
- 28UlemaA body of Muslim scholars who are recognized as having specialist knowledge of Islamic sacred law and theology.
- 29Shar’iahThe law of complete and total submission to the will and authority of Allah. This
submission leads to eternal salvation. - 30Ulama(Islamic lawyers) recognised as being the most knowledgeable in matters of religious law.
- 31HalalRefers to those things that are permitted or allowed.
- 32HaraamUnlawful or forbidden things, eg, eating pork, drinking alcohol, adultery, murder.
- 33QiyasAnalogical Reasoning - extending established legal precedence to new matters by identifying an operative cause applicable to both situations.
- 34Ijmaconsensus of the community of scholars over a solution to legal and practical issue. When a certain ruling lasts the test of time, more and more jurists as well as people accept the ruling achieving a consensus over time.