Flashcards
16. cognitive development in adolescence
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1what (partially) drives the development of speed of processing?the maturation of white matter in the brain
- 2white matter meaningmyelinated axons
- 3encoding switch hypothesis meaningclaims that different information about faces is represented in memory by children of different ages (<10: individual features, but adolescents only the essential info)
- 4feature processing meaningthe tendency to process the separate features of the face, as opposed to perceiving the relationship between the parts
- 5configure processing meaningprocessing that pays attention to the overall spatial layout of individual features
- 6two types of intelligence1. fluid intelligence
2. crystallised intelligence - 7fluid intelligence meaning (+ verloop)ability to think and reason abstractly. culture-free reasoning tasks.
improves up until age 30 and then slowly declines. - 8crystallised intelligence meaning (+ verloop)store of info, skills and strategies acquired through education and prior experience.
keeps improving up until late in life and then remains stable. - 9three types of reasoning1. deductive reasoning (general to specific)
2. inductive reasoning (specific to general)
3. analogical reasoning - 10analogical reasoning meaningcomparing a problem to a similar problem that's been solved previously
- 113 stages in analogical reasoning1. analogies with familiar elements (age 9/10)
2. concrete relations among elements are considered in analogies (12)
3. full understanding, second-order analogies can be used (13/14) - 12second-order analogies meaninganalogies that require crystallised intelligence
- 13interpropositional thinking meaningthinking where the individual is able to relate one or more parts of a proposition to another part to arrive at a solution to a problem
- 14hypothetico-deductive reasoning meaningthe ability to develop theories in an attempt to explain certain phenomena, generate hypotheses based on these theories and systematically devise tests to confirm or refute these hypotheses
- 15difference in reasoning with hypotheses between kids and adolescentskids: think of a hypothesis, try to find evidence that supports it and otherwise say the evidence is wrong
adolescents: reason like scientists - 16do all adolescents reach the formal operational stage?unclear. piaget seemed to overestimate the average adolescent.
- 17the information processing approach's view on adolescent thinkingtheir thinking is a process of obtaining info from the environment, storing that info and using various rules + strategies to manipulate info.
adolescents are rule-based problem-solvers. - 18intuitive scientist approachchildren and adolescents are capable of constructing theories to explain how the world operates in a law-like manner and conducting experiments to confirm them.
says knowledge is domain-specific and that there is not an overarching principle you can use to solve all problems.
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- Psychology (developmental) Flashcards on 16. cognitive development in adolescence, created by Sabine - on 21/01/2020.
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