Flashcards
Ch. 3 India, Hinduism, & Buddhism
Cards in this deck (25)
- 1Himalaya Mountainsa mountain range extending about 1500 miles along the border between India and Tibet; highest mountains in the world
- 2monsoona wind in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia that brings heavy rains in the summer; in India the rainy season lasts from June-October. In 2013 5,000 people in India died from flooding during the monsoon season.
- 3Harrapa (huh-RA-puh)name of city in Ancient India where an advanced civilization existed for hundreds of years. Called the Harappan civilization; 1st Indian civilization
- 4Aryansname for Indo-European people who moved into India; they were nomads
- 5Sanskritsacred language of Hinduism
- 6Indus River Valleydefinition: river near pakistan that creates a fertile plain (Indus River Valley)
significance: formed fertile areas for agriculture and encouraged growth
- 7Sanskritdefinition: sacred language by the Vedas in India, mainly for religion
significance: shows distinctions made with every day life and religion - 8varnasdefinition: class of which a person was placed into according to Hindu law at birth
- 9Brahmansfirst level of Varna, priest class of Indian society
- 10Kshatriyassecond level of Varna, warrior class of Indian society
- 11Vaishyasthird level of Varna, merchant class of Indian society
- 12Shudrasfourth level of Varna, servant class of Indian society
- 13Untouchablesalso called pariahs, lowest level of the Indian society; not considered a part of the caste system; did degrading jobs
- 14reincarnationidea that a person's actions determined their incarnation
- 15JainismA religion founded in India in the sixth century B.C., whose members believe that everything in the universe has a soul and therefore should not be harmed.
- 16Samsarsaidea of reincarnation back into suffering
- 17caste system
- 18Buddhismworld religion, originated in India by Buddha (Gautama) and later spreading to China;Buddhists believe life is full of suffering caused by desire and that the way to end this suffering is through enlightenment
- 194 Noble Truths1. Life is filled with suffering and sorrow
2. Suffering is because of people's selfish desire for the pleasure of the world
3. Way to end all suffering is to end all desires
4. follow the eightfold path to overcome desires and attain enlightenment - 20Four Noble Truths
- 21Eight Fold PathA guide for behavior
Following the path will lead to relief from pain and selfishness
almost like the 10 Commandments of the Christianity religion - 22Where and how did Buddhism spread?Buddhism spread to Asia thru trade on silk Road (not really made from silk) Vietnam, China,Korea, Japan, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, (basically southern Asia and China) practices Buddhism.
- 23—Right speech
Right action
Right livelihood/work
Right effort
right mindfulness right contemplation
- 24The BuddhaAn Indian prince named Siddhartha Gautama, who renounced his wealth and social position. After becoming 'enlightened' (the meaning of Buddha) he enunciated the principles of Buddhism.
- 25—yoga
a means to enlightenment is central to Hinduism, Buddhism