Flashcards
Unit 5 - Module 40: Cognitive Development Across the Lifespan
Cards in this deck (28)
- 1Unit Five - Module 40 Cognitive Development Across the LifespanCognitive Development Across the Lifespan
- 2cognitionAll the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
- 3schemaA concept or framework that organizes and interprets information.
- 4assimilationInterpreting or new experiences in terms of our existing schemas.
- 5accommodationAdapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information.
- 6sensorimotor stageIn Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to nearly two years of age) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities.
- 7object permanenceThe awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived.
- 8preoperational stageIn Piaget's theory, the stage (from about two to six or seven years of age) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic.
- 9egocentrismIn Piaget's theory, the preoperational child's difficulty taking another's point of view.
- 10concrete operational stageIn Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (from 7 to 11 years of age) during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events.
- 11conservationThe principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of the objects.
- 12formal operational stageIn Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts.
- 13scaffoldA framework that offers children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking.
- 14zone of proximal developmentThis is the zone between what a child can and can't do - it's what a child can do with help.
- 15theory of mindPeople's ideas about their own and others' mental states - about their feelings, perceptions, and thoughts, and behaviours these might predict.
- 16false belief taskA type of task used in theory of mind studies in which children must infer that another person does not possess knowledge that they possess. For example, children shown that a candy box contains pennies rather than candy are asked what someone else would expect to find in the box. Children of about 3 years or younger would say pennies, whereas older children would correctly reply candy.
- 17autism spectrum disorder (ASD)A disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies in communication and social interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive behaviours.
- 18moral intuitionsMoral intuitions are strong, stable, immediate moral beliefs that lead to quick gut feelings and judgments.
- 19moral actionsMoral action involves taking the necessary steps to transform the intent to do the right thing into reality. This includes moral ownership, moral efficacy, and moral courage.
- 20delay of gratificationThe act of resisting an impulse to take an immediately available reward in the hope of obtaining a more-valued reward in the future. This is essential to self-regulation, or self-control.
- 21reminiscence bumpThe tendency among adults over the age of 40 to have memories from their adolescence and early adulthood that are more numerous, more clearly recalled, and more pleasant or positive than those from any other period of their life.
- 22prospective memoryThe ability to remember to carry out intended actions in the future.
- 23cross-sectional studyResearch that compares people of different ages at the same point of time.
- 24longitudinal studyResearch that follows and retests the same people over time.
- 25terminal decline (terminal drop)Refers to the phenomenon of increased cognitive decline in proximity to death.
- 26Jean PiagetA Swiss psychologist known for his work on child development.
- 27Lev VygotskyA Soviet psychologist, known for his work on psychological development in children.
- 28Jonathan HaidtJonathan Haidt is an American social psychologist. Haidt's main psychological contributions come from the field of moral foundations theory, which attempts to explain the evolutionary origins of human moral reasoning on the basis of innate, gut feelings rather than logic and reason.
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- Grade 12 Psychology (Unit Five - Developmental Psychology) Flashcards on Unit 5 - Module 40: Cognitive Development Across the Lifespan, created by Greg MacPherson on 10/09/2024.
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- Created by Greg MacPherson · Apr 29, 2022
- Copied by Greg MacPherson · Sep 10, 2024
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