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Flashcards

psych exam 4

Marina S. Psychology English 88 cards

Cards in this deck (88)

  1. 1our ability to predict our own and others' happinessAffective forecasting
  2. 2the stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome in which the automatic nervous system is activatedAlarm
  3. 3taking actions to reduce the impact of a stressful situationBehavioral control
  4. 4changing one's thoughts about negative emotions that occur in stressful situationsCognitive control
  5. 5gaining control over a stressful situation by choosing between alternativesDecisional control
  6. 6the tendency to overestimate the duration of our moodsDurability bias
  7. 7controlling the way one suppresses or expresses emotionsEmotional control
  8. 8the stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome in which activation decreasesExhaustion
  9. 9stress-response pattern that consists of 3 stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustionGeneral Adaptation Syndrome
  10. 10a set of attitudes marked by a sense of control over eventsHardiness
  11. 11small nuisances and daily pressuresHassle
  12. 12the study of how cognitive and behaviors principles can be used to prevent illness and promote physical well-beingHealth psychology
  13. 13the tendency for our moods to adapt to external circumstancesHedonic treadmill
  14. 14obtaining information about a stressful eventInformational control
  15. 15a lack of belief in one's ability to change the situation, resulting in lack of trying to change the situationLearned helplessness
  16. 16field of study that emphasizes human strengthsPositive psychology
  17. 17making a determination about whether a situation is stressful/harmfulPrimary appraisal
  18. 18the study of the relationship between the immune system and the nervous systemPsychoenuroimmunology
  19. 19real illnesses in which emotions or stress maintain, contribute to, or aggravate physical conditionsPsychophysiological illness
  20. 20the stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome in which the organism adapts to the stressorResistance
  21. 21making a determination about whether one can cope with a stressful situationSecondary appraisal
  22. 22a response that occurs when a stressor strains our ability to cope effectivelyStress
  23. 23a stressful event or stimulusStressor
  24. 24the tendency to focus on the object in an image/story, independent from contextAnalytical cognitive style
  25. 25a cultural orientation which prioritizes group harmonyCollectivist culture
  26. 26a field of study that explores the similarities and differences in thinking and behavior between individuals from different culturesCross-Cultural Psychology
  27. 27the collection of ideas and typical ways of doing things that are shared by members of a society and are passed down through generationsCulture
  28. 28a disorder which is specific to a societyCulture-bound snydrome
  29. 29the tendency to focus on the broader context and relationship between objectsHolistic cognitive style
  30. 30a cultural orientation which prioritizes individual freedoms and choiceIndividualistic culture
  31. 31a cultural orientation in which tradition and social norms are less importantLoose culture
  32. 32a cultural orientation that emphasizes the importance of tradition and following social normsTight culture
  33. 33a trait that all humans possess, regardless of cultureUniversal trait
  34. 34he idea that we are evolutionarily predisposed to distrust anything that is unfamiliarAdaptive conservatism
  35. 35helping others for unselfish reasonsAltruism
  36. 36assigning a cause to a behaviorAttribution
  37. 37the tendency for people to be less likely to help when in a groupBystander effect
  38. 38the tendency of people to alter their behavior as a result of group pressureConformity
  39. 39the reduction in feelings of personal responsibility in the presence of othersDiffusion of responsibility
  40. 40a negative behavior towards certain types of peopleDiscrimination
  41. 41causes of behavior that reside within the individual, such as personality traitsDispositional influence
  42. 42learning about psychological research can change real-world behaviorEnlightenment effect
  43. 43a prejudice of which one is awareExplicit prejudice
  44. 44the tendency to overestimate dispositional influences and underestimate situational influences in othersFundamental Attribution Error
  45. 45the tendency of group discussion to strengthen the dominant beliefs held by individual group membersGroup polarization
  46. 46emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinkingGroupthink
  47. 47a tool that is intended to test for implicit prejudicesImplicit Association Test
  48. 48a prejudice of which one is unawareImplicit prejudice
  49. 49the tendency to prefer individuals from our own group over those from outside our groupIn-group bias
  50. 50the idea that our attributions and behavior are shaped by an assumption that the world is fair and everything happens for a reasonJust-world hypothesis
  51. 51a laboratory method meant to create simulated in-groups and out-groups based on arbitary characteristicsMinimal intergroup paradigm
  52. 52a task that requires people from different groups to work together to complete itMutual interdependence
  53. 53the idea that we have a biological need for interpersonal connectionsNeed-to-belong theory
  54. 54adherence to instructions from those of higher authorityObedience
  55. 55the tendency to perceive individuals from outside our group as similar to each otherOut-group homogeneity
  56. 56the error of assuming that no one in a group perceives things as we doPluralistic ignorance
  57. 57drawing a negative conclusion about something before evaluating all the evidencePrejudice
  58. 58the idea that prejudice arises from a need to blame other groups for our misfortunesScapegoat hypothesis
  59. 59causes of behavior that occur outside the individual, such as environmentSituational influence
  60. 60the study of how people influence others' behavior, beliefs, and attitudesSocial psychology
  61. 61a belief about the characteristics of a group that is applied to most members of the groupStereotype
  62. 62the anxiety caused by the fear of being judged in terms of a stereotypeStereotype threat
  63. 63a goal that is shared by people from different groupsSuperordinate goals
  64. 64the assumption that behaviors among individuals of a certain group is due to their internal dispositionsUltimate Attribution Error
  65. 65a personality trait that is characterized by a tendency to be social and easy to get along withAgreeableness
  66. 66a set of traits that have surfaced repeatedly in factor analyses of personality measuresBig Five
  67. 67a personality trait that is characterized by a tendency to be careful and responsibleConscientiousness
  68. 68the part of the psyche that we are aware ofConscious
  69. 69a psychological technique to manage anxiety caused by conflict between the id, ego, and superegoDefense mechanism
  70. 70a defense mechanism in which one directs an impulse from a threatening target onto a safer targetDisplacement
  71. 71the part of the psyche that serve as the decision makerEgo
  72. 72a personality trait that is characterized by a tendency to be social and livelyExtraversion
  73. 73the result of an unresolved conflict at one of the psychosexual stagesFixation
  74. 74the part of the psyche that is the source of our most primitive impulsesId
  75. 75a personality trait that is characterized by a tendency to be tense and moodyNeuroticism
  76. 76Freud's idea that boys become attracted to their mother and feel threatened by ehri fatherOedipus complex
  77. 77a personality trait that is characterized by a tendency to be intellectually curious and unconventionalOpenness to Experience
  78. 78a person's unique and relatively stable way of thinking, feeling, and behavingPersonality
  79. 79a defense mechanism in which one sees one's own faults or threatening impulses in othersProjection
  80. 80a tool that is intended to uncover unconscious impulsesProjective test
  81. 81stages of personality development proposed by Freud, focusing on sources of pleasure at each stagePsychosexual stages
  82. 82a defense mechanism in which one prevents threatening behavior from occurring by exaggerating the opposite behaviorReaction formation
  83. 83a defense mechanism in which hone mentally returns to an earlier level of developmentRegression
  84. 84a defense mechanism in which one keeps distressing thoughts and feelings hidden in the unconsciousRepression
  85. 85the part of the psyche that is our sense of moralitySuperego
  86. 86a stable quality that a person shows in most situationsTrait
  87. 87external circumsntances influence how personality traits are expressedTrait-situation interaction
  88. 88the part of the psyche that we are not aware ofUnconscious

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Psychology Flashcards on psych exam 4, created by Marina S. on 13/11/2024.
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Marina S.
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