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PSY - 160 chapter 6

jh - study Psychology English 58 cards

Cards in this deck (58)

  1. 1what is memorythe retention of information or experience over time
  2. 2memory is the result of what three processesencoding, storage, retrieval
  3. 3what is encodingthe process by which information gets into memory storage
  4. 4How does encoding workto begin encoding the subject must pay attention, and repetition increases encoding
  5. 5what is selective attentionfocusing on a specific aspect of an experience while ignoring others
  6. 6what is divided attentionconcentrating on more than one activity at the same time
  7. 7what is sustained attentionthe ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged time
  8. 8what is sustained attentionthe ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged time
  9. 9what is executive functiondirecting attention to engage in higher level cognitive functioning
  10. 10what are the steps in executive attentionplan action, allocate attention to goals, detect errors, and compensate for them, monitor progress, deal with difficult circumstances.
  11. 11What are levels of processinga continuum of memory processing from shallow to deep with deeper processing producing better memory
  12. 12What is elaborationThe formation of a number of different connections around a stimulus at a given level of memory and coding
  13. 13what is self-referenceRelating material to your own experience to better elaborate on it
  14. 14What is Allan Pavio's dual code theoryMemory for picture is better than memory for words because pictures are stored as both image codes and verbal codes
  15. 15Atkinson-shiffrin theory (AS theory)theory that says memory storage involves three separate systems
  16. 16what are the three systems in the AS theorysensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory
  17. 17What is sensory memoryinvolves holding information from the world in its original sensory form for only an instant
  18. 18what is short term memoryLimited capacity memory system in which information is usually retained for only as long as 30 seconds unless strategies are used to retain it longer
  19. 19According to George Miller how much information can people store without aidspeople can typically keep track of a range of 7 +or- 2 items
  20. 20What is memory spanthe amount of information and individual can report back in order after a single presentation
  21. 21What are some strategies for short term memory retentionchunking and rehearsal
  22. 22what is chunkingthe grouping of information into larger sets to help remember
  23. 23what is rehersalthe conscious repetition of information
  24. 24what is working memorya combination of components including short term memory and attention that allow individuals to hold information temporarily as they perform cognitive tasks
  25. 25Alan Baddeley's model of working memory had what three partsphonological loop, visual spatial sketchpad, and central executive
  26. 26what is Long term memorystores huge amounts of information for a long time
  27. 27what is explicit memorythe conscious recollection of information that can be verbally communicated
  28. 28What are the two parts of explicit memoryepisodic memory, and semantic memory
  29. 29what is episodic memoryinformation about where, when and what of life's happenings
  30. 30what is semantic memoryknowledge about the world
  31. 31what is implicit memorymemory in which behavior is affected by prior experience without a conscious recollection of that experience
  32. 32what are the two parts of implicit memoryprocedural memory, priming, and the process of classical conditioning
  33. 33what is procedural memorythe memory of how to perform a specific task
  34. 34what is primingthe activation of information already in storage to help remember new information faster
  35. 35what is a schemaa preexisting mental concept or framework that helps people organize and interpret information
  36. 36what is a scripta schema for an event often containing information about physical features, people, and typical occurences
  37. 37what is connectionismthe theory that memory is stored throughout the brain in connections among neurons
  38. 38what is parallel distributed processingwhen several neural connections work together to process a single memory
  39. 39what is consolidationthe process by which interconnected networks are formed
  40. 40what is long term potentiationthe concept that if two neurons are activated at the same time the connection between them may be strengthened
  41. 41what is retrevailthe memory process that occurs when information that was retained in memory comes out of storage
  42. 42what is the serial position affectthe tendency to recall the items at the beginning and end of a list more readily than those in the middle
  43. 43what is recalla memory task in which the person must retrieve previously learned information
  44. 44what is recognitiona memory task in which the person typically only has to identify learned items
  45. 45what is autobiographical memorya special form of episodic memory consisting of a person's recollection of their own experiences
  46. 46what is reminiscence bumpthe phenomenon whereby adults remember more events form the second or third decades of their life than other decades
  47. 47what is flashbulb memorythe memory of emotionally significant events that people often recall with more accuracy and vivid imagery than everyday events
  48. 48what is motivated forgettingforgetting that occurs when something is so painful that remembering it is intolerable
  49. 49what is interference theoryit states that people forget not just because memories are lost from storage but because other information gets in the way
  50. 50what is proactive interferencematerial that was learned earlier disrupts the recall of memory that was learned later
  51. 51what is retroactive interferencematerial that was learned later disrupts the recall of material that was learned later
  52. 52what is decay theorywhen an individual learns something new a neurochemical memory trace forms, but over time this trace disintegrates
  53. 53what is the Tip of the tongue phenomenon (TOT)a type of effortful retrieval associated with feeling that we know something but cannot quite pull it out of memory
  54. 54what is prospective memoryremembering information about doing something in the future (I.E. do laundry later)
  55. 55what is retrospective memoryremembering something from the past
  56. 56what is amnesiathe loss of memory
  57. 57what is anterograde amnesiaa memory disorder that affects the retention of new information and events
  58. 58what is retrograde amnesiamemory loss of a segment of the past but not for new events

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Psychology Flashcards on PSY - 160 chapter 6, created by jh - study on 11/04/2025.
Created by
jh - study · Apr 2025
Updated
Apr 11, 2025
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