Flashcards
Memory- AQA
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1Definition of encodingThe process in which information comes into the memory system from the sensory organs.
It is where information is changed into understandable contructs in order to be stored - 2Definition of storageThe process in which information is kept in the memorty system based on capacity and duration.
- 3Definition of retrievalThe process in which information is taken out of storage and used in various situations.
- 4Iconic storage? Echoic storage?Iconic: visual information
Echoic: Auditory information - 5Sensory, short term and long term memory duration and capacities are..?Sensory- less than 1s. Very limited
Short term- 30 seconds. 7+/-2
Long Term- Up to a lifetime. Limitless - 6Multi-store model was proposed by...?Atkinson and Shiffrin
- 7What happens without rehearsal?Information in the short-term memory is forgotten .
Is memories are retained in the short-term storage they can be transferred to long-term after rehearsal. - 8Murdock? Aim, method, results, conclusionA: Provide evidence to support MME
M: Ppts learnt a list of words, 1 at a time for 2s and then had to recall them in any order.
R: End recalled first (recency effect) words at beginning also recalled well (primacy effect).
Middle words badly recalled
C: Provides evidence for seperate ST and LT stores - 9What are the two types of amnesia? Their definitions?Retrograde amnesia- loss of memory of events that happened prior to brain damage.
Antrograde amnesia- being unable to learn new information after suffering briann damage. - 10Multi-store EVALUATION points?-Oversimplifies
-Ignores individual differences
-Lacks eco-logical validity due to lab study
-Argued STM is not as passive and is more active
-Rehearsal is NOT always needed - 11What are the 3 levels of processing and their depths?Structural- Shallow
Phonetic- Intermediate
Semantic- Deep (highest level of brain activity) - 12Craik and Lockhart Aim, method, results, conclusion.A: If type of question affects the number of words recalled
M: Ppts given an= list of words 1 at a time and were asked Y/N questions about the words. Thye then had to recall the words on the list from another list of words.
R: 70%semantic, 35% phonetic and 15% structural recalled
C: Deeper information is processed, the more likely we are to remember it - 13What were the strengths and weaknesses of Craik and Lockhart's study?-Explains who some information is better remembered than others
-Highlights the importance of elaboration
-Cannot objectively measure depth of processing
-Effort rather than method could have increased rememerance. - 14Evaluative points of LoP?Oversimplified- recall depends on how RELEVANT processing is to memory
Descriptive rather than expplanatory- WHY does deeper mean better recall?
Tyler et al- it may be due to effort/time - 15A practical application of LoP?Re-write things in your own words to aid in deeper processing thus better remembering and recall
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- Flashcards on Memory- AQA, created by e.robins13 on 22/11/2015.
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