Genome Evolution

Question	Answer
Effects of Single Base Changes	Can vary- can be massive, small, or makes no difference at all
GAG --> GUG in Sickle Cell Anemia	Glutamate --> Valine
Mutation in S.C.A	Causes loss of polar protein at position 6
Promotion of non-covalent polymerisation in S.C.A	Is what causes Hb agglutination and sickle shaped cells
S.I of Whale & Human Hb	17% - but same function
Gene loss in bacteria	Bacteria can excise non-functioning DNA
Gene inactivation	Where mutations effect promoter regions
Small Insertions/Deletion	Allows specificity for different substrates- leads to related protein types
Whole domains can be inserted as long as...	the core remains undamaged and able to perform it's function
Cause of Paralogues	Gene Duplication
Limit of replication	Whole genomes/chromosomes
Movement of replicated genes	To other chromosomes or fusion with other genes
Gene Rearrangement	Incorrect duplication can lead to rearrangement of domains/fusion proteins
% of domain pairs in the same order	90- gene rearrangement is difficult to successfully

Resource summary

	Created by gina_evans0312 over 10 years ago